13 files changed, 1047 insertions, 6 deletions
diff --git a/book/module1/basics_of_python.tex b/book/module1/basics_of_python.tex
index 64883e7..29f8cc4 100644
--- a/book/module1/basics_of_python.tex
+++ b/book/module1/basics_of_python.tex
@@ -1,8 +1,3 @@
-    \maketitle
-
-
-
-
     \hypertarget{basics-of-python}{
 \section{Basics of Python}\label{basics-of-python}}
 
diff --git a/book/module1/classes_and_objects.tex b/book/module1/classes_and_objects.tex
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cb9f7ec
--- /dev/null
+++ b/book/module1/classes_and_objects.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+\section{Modular Programming}\label{modular-programming}
+
+\subsection{1. Introduction}\label{introduction}
+
+\begin{itemize}
+\tightlist
+\item
+  A. What is Object-Oriented Programming?
+\item
+  B. Why use OOP? (vs.~procedural)
+\item
+  C. Real-world analogies (e.g., modeling components like pumps, motors,
+  or vehicles)
+\end{itemize}
+
+\begin{longtable}[]{@{}
+  >{\raggedleft\arraybackslash}p{(\columnwidth - 0\tabcolsep) * \real{0.0556}}@{}}
+\toprule\noalign{}
+\begin{minipage}[b]{\linewidth}\raggedleft
+\#\# 2. Core OOP Concepts - A. \textbf{Classes and Objects} -
+Definitions - Syntax in Python - B. \textbf{Attributes and Methods} -
+Instance variables - Functions inside classes - C.
+\textbf{Encapsulation} - Public vs private variables - Using
+\texttt{\_\_init\_\_} and \texttt{self} - D. \textbf{Inheritance} -
+Parent and child classes - Reuse and extension of code - E.
+\textbf{Polymorphism} \emph{(brief overview)} - Method overriding -
+Flexibility in interfaces
+\end{minipage} \\
+\midrule\noalign{}
+\endhead
+\bottomrule\noalign{}
+\endlastfoot
+\#\# 3. Python OOP Syntax and Examples - A. Define a simple class (e.g.,
+\texttt{Spring}) - B. Instantiate objects and use methods - C. Show
+\texttt{\_\_init\_\_}, \texttt{\_\_str\_\_}, custom methods - D. Add a
+derived class (e.g., \texttt{DampedSpring} inherits from
+\texttt{Spring}) \\
+\end{longtable}
+
+\subsection{4. Engineering Applications of
+OOP}\label{engineering-applications-of-oop}
+
+\begin{itemize}
+\tightlist
+\item
+  A. Modeling a mechanical system using classes
+
+  \begin{itemize}
+  \tightlist
+  \item
+    Example: Mass-Spring-Damper system
+  \end{itemize}
+\item
+  B. Creating reusable components (e.g., \texttt{Material},
+  \texttt{Beam}, \texttt{Force})
+\item
+  C. Organizing simulation code with OOP
+\end{itemize}
+
+\begin{center}\rule{0.5\linewidth}{0.5pt}\end{center}
+
+\subsection{5. Hands-On Coding Activity}\label{hands-on-coding-activity}
+
+\begin{itemize}
+\tightlist
+\item
+  A. Write a class for a basic physical component (e.g., \texttt{Motor})
+\item
+  B. Add behavior (e.g., \texttt{calculate\_torque})
+\item
+  C. Extend with inheritance (e.g., \texttt{ServoMotor})
+\item
+  D. Bonus: Integrate two objects to simulate interaction
+\end{itemize}
diff --git a/book/module1/computational_expense.tex b/book/module1/computational_expense.tex
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f315969
--- /dev/null
+++ b/book/module1/computational_expense.tex
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+\section{Computational Expense}\label{computational-expense}
diff --git a/book/module1/computing_fundamentals.tex b/book/module1/computing_fundamentals.tex
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..af38b93
--- /dev/null
+++ b/book/module1/computing_fundamentals.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+\section{Computing Fundamentals}\label{computing-fundamentals}
+
+\subsection{Using computers as a tool for
+engineers}\label{using-computers-as-a-tool-for-engineers}
+
+\subsection{How do computers work?}\label{how-do-computers-work}
+
+Globe analogy: Hardware, Kernel, Shell, Application, Software.
+
+\subsection{Interfaces}\label{interfaces}
+
+\subsubsection{Text editor for
+Scripting}\label{text-editor-for-scripting}
+
+\subsubsection{Command window}\label{command-window}
+
+Command window, terminal, console, command prompt you might've heard of
+theses terms before. They all essentially mean the same thing. The
+command window is used to control your system.
diff --git a/book/module1/control_structures.tex b/book/module1/control_structures.tex
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..746b7a5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/book/module1/control_structures.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,206 @@
+\section{Control Structures}\label{control-structures}
+
+Control structures allow us to control the flow of execution in a Python
+program. The two main types are \textbf{conditional statements
+(\texttt{if} statements)} and \textbf{loops (\texttt{for} and
+\texttt{while} loops)}.
+
+\subsection{Conditional Statements}\label{conditional-statements}
+
+Conditional statements allow a program to execute different blocks of
+code depending on whether a given condition is \texttt{True} or
+\texttt{False}. These conditions are typically comparisons, such as
+checking if one number is greater than another.
+
+\subsubsection{\texorpdfstring{The \texttt{if}
+Statement}{The if Statement}}\label{the-if-statement}
+
+The simplest form of a conditional statement is the \texttt{if}
+statement. If the condition evaluates to \texttt{True}, the indented
+block of code runs. Otherwise, the program moves on without executing
+the statement.
+
+For example, consider a situation where we need to determine if a person
+is an adult based on their age. If the age is 18 or greater, we print a
+message saying they are an adult.
+
+\subsubsection{\texorpdfstring{The \texttt{if-else}
+Statement}{The if-else Statement}}\label{the-if-else-statement}
+
+Sometimes, we need to specify what should happen if the condition is
+\texttt{False}. The \texttt{else} clause allows us to handle this case.
+Instead of just skipping over the block, the program can execute an
+alternative action.
+
+For instance, if a person is younger than 18, they are considered a
+minor. If the condition of being an adult is not met, the program will
+print a message indicating that the person is a minor.
+
+\subsubsection{\texorpdfstring{The \texttt{if-elif-else}
+Statement}{The if-elif-else Statement}}\label{the-if-elif-else-statement}
+
+When dealing with multiple conditions, the \texttt{if-elif-else}
+structure is useful. The program evaluates conditions in order,
+executing the first one that is \texttt{True}. If none of the conditions
+are met, the \texttt{else} block runs.
+
+For example, in a grading system, different score ranges correspond to
+different letter grades. If a student's score is 90 or higher, they
+receive an ``A''. If it's between 80 and 89, they get a ``B'', and so
+on. If none of the conditions match, they receive an ``F''.
+
+\subsubsection{\texorpdfstring{Nested \texttt{if}
+Statements}{Nested if Statements}}\label{nested-if-statements}
+
+Sometimes, we need to check conditions within other conditions. This is
+known as \textbf{nesting}. For example, if we first determine that a
+person is an adult, we can then check if they are a student. Based on
+that information, we print different messages.
+
+\begin{Shaded}
+\begin{Highlighting}[]
+\CommentTok{\# Getting user input for the student\textquotesingle{}s score}
+\NormalTok{score }\OperatorTok{=} \BuiltInTok{int}\NormalTok{(}\BuiltInTok{input}\NormalTok{(}\StringTok{"Enter the student\textquotesingle{}s score (0{-}100): "}\NormalTok{))}
+
+\ControlFlowTok{if} \DecValTok{0} \OperatorTok{\textless{}=}\NormalTok{ score }\OperatorTok{\textless{}=} \DecValTok{100}\NormalTok{:}
+    \ControlFlowTok{if}\NormalTok{ score }\OperatorTok{\textgreater{}=} \DecValTok{90}\NormalTok{:}
+\NormalTok{        grade }\OperatorTok{=} \StringTok{"A"}
+    \ControlFlowTok{elif}\NormalTok{ score }\OperatorTok{\textgreater{}=} \DecValTok{80}\NormalTok{:}
+\NormalTok{        grade }\OperatorTok{=} \StringTok{"B"}
+    \ControlFlowTok{elif}\NormalTok{ score }\OperatorTok{\textgreater{}=} \DecValTok{70}\NormalTok{:}
+\NormalTok{        grade }\OperatorTok{=} \StringTok{"C"}
+    \ControlFlowTok{elif}\NormalTok{ score }\OperatorTok{\textgreater{}=} \DecValTok{60}\NormalTok{:}
+\NormalTok{        grade }\OperatorTok{=} \StringTok{"D"}
+    \ControlFlowTok{else}\NormalTok{:}
+\NormalTok{        grade }\OperatorTok{=} \StringTok{"F"}  \CommentTok{\# Score below 60 is a failing grade}
+
+
+    \ControlFlowTok{if}\NormalTok{ grade }\OperatorTok{==} \StringTok{"F"}\NormalTok{:}
+        \BuiltInTok{print}\NormalTok{(}\StringTok{"The student has failed."}\NormalTok{)}
+\NormalTok{        retake\_eligible }\OperatorTok{=} \BuiltInTok{input}\NormalTok{(}\StringTok{"Is the student eligible for a retest? (yes/no): "}\NormalTok{).strip().lower()}
+        
+        \ControlFlowTok{if}\NormalTok{ retake\_eligible }\OperatorTok{==} \StringTok{"yes"}\NormalTok{:}
+            \BuiltInTok{print}\NormalTok{(}\StringTok{"The student is eligible for a retest."}\NormalTok{)}
+        \ControlFlowTok{else}\NormalTok{:}
+            \BuiltInTok{print}\NormalTok{(}\StringTok{"The student has failed the course and must retake it next semester."}\NormalTok{)}
+
+    
+\end{Highlighting}
+\end{Shaded}
+
+\begin{center}\rule{0.5\linewidth}{0.5pt}\end{center}
+
+\subsection{Loops in Python}\label{loops-in-python}
+
+Loops allow a program to execute a block of code multiple times. This is
+especially useful for tasks such as processing lists of data, performing
+repetitive calculations, or automating tasks.
+
+\subsubsection{\texorpdfstring{The \texttt{for}
+Loop}{The for Loop}}\label{the-for-loop}
+
+A \texttt{for} loop iterates over a sequence, such as a list, tuple,
+string, or a range of numbers. Each iteration assigns the next value in
+the sequence to a loop variable, which can then be used inside the loop.
+
+For instance, if we have a list of fruits and want to print each fruit's
+name, a \texttt{for} loop can iterate over the list and display each
+item.
+
+Another useful feature of \texttt{for} loops is the \texttt{range()}
+function, which generates a sequence of numbers. This is commonly used
+when we need to repeat an action a specific number of times. For
+example, iterating from 0 to 4 allows us to print a message five times.
+
+Additionally, the \texttt{enumerate()} function can be used to loop
+through a list while keeping track of the index of each item. This is
+useful when both the position and the value in a sequence are needed.
+
+\begin{Shaded}
+\begin{Highlighting}[]
+\NormalTok{fruits }\OperatorTok{=}\NormalTok{ [}\StringTok{"apple"}\NormalTok{, }\StringTok{"banana"}\NormalTok{, }\StringTok{"cherry"}\NormalTok{]  }
+\ControlFlowTok{for}\NormalTok{ x }\KeywordTok{in}\NormalTok{ fruits:  }
+  \BuiltInTok{print}\NormalTok{(x)}
+\end{Highlighting}
+\end{Shaded}
+
+\begin{Shaded}
+\begin{Highlighting}[]
+\ControlFlowTok{for}\NormalTok{ x }\KeywordTok{in} \BuiltInTok{range}\NormalTok{(}\DecValTok{6}\NormalTok{):  }
+  \BuiltInTok{print}\NormalTok{(x)  }
+\ControlFlowTok{else}\NormalTok{:  }
+  \BuiltInTok{print}\NormalTok{(}\StringTok{"Finally finished!"}\NormalTok{)}
+\end{Highlighting}
+\end{Shaded}
+
+\subsubsection{\texorpdfstring{The \texttt{while}
+Loop}{The while Loop}}\label{the-while-loop}
+
+Unlike \texttt{for} loops, which iterate over a sequence, \texttt{while}
+loops continue running as long as a specified condition remains
+\texttt{True}. This is useful when the number of iterations is not known
+in advance.
+
+For example, a countdown timer can be implemented using a \texttt{while}
+loop. The loop will continue decreasing the count until it reaches zero.
+
+It's important to be careful with \texttt{while} loops to avoid infinite
+loops, which occur when the condition never becomes \texttt{False}. To
+prevent this, ensure that the condition will eventually change during
+the execution of the loop.
+
+A \texttt{while} loop can also be used to wait for a certain event to
+occur. For example, in interactive programs, a \texttt{while\ True} loop
+can keep running until the user provides a valid input, at which point
+we break out of the loop.
+
+\begin{Shaded}
+\begin{Highlighting}[]
+\NormalTok{i }\OperatorTok{=} \DecValTok{1}  
+\ControlFlowTok{while}\NormalTok{ i }\OperatorTok{\textless{}} \DecValTok{6}\NormalTok{:  }
+\NormalTok{  print(i)  }
+\NormalTok{  i }\OperatorTok{+=} \DecValTok{1}
+\end{Highlighting}
+\end{Shaded}
+
+\begin{center}\rule{0.5\linewidth}{0.5pt}\end{center}
+
+\subsection{Loop Control Statements}\label{loop-control-statements}
+
+Python provides special statements to control the behavior of loops.
+These can be used to break out of a loop, skip certain iterations, or
+simply include a placeholder for future code.
+
+\subsubsection{\texorpdfstring{The \texttt{break}
+Statement}{The break Statement}}\label{the-break-statement}
+
+The \texttt{break} statement is used to exit a loop before it has
+iterated through all its elements. When the \texttt{break} statement is
+encountered, the loop stops immediately, and the program continues
+executing the next statement outside the loop.
+
+For instance, if we are searching for a specific value in a list, we can
+use a \texttt{break} statement to stop the loop as soon as we find the
+item, instead of continuing unnecessary iterations.
+
+\subsubsection{\texorpdfstring{The \texttt{continue}
+Statement}{The continue Statement}}\label{the-continue-statement}
+
+The \texttt{continue} statement is used to skip the current iteration
+and proceed to the next one. Instead of exiting the loop entirely, it
+simply moves on to the next cycle.
+
+For example, if we are iterating over numbers and want to skip
+processing number 2, we can use \texttt{continue}. The loop will ignore
+that iteration and proceed with the next number.
+
+\subsubsection{\texorpdfstring{The \texttt{pass}
+Statement}{The pass Statement}}\label{the-pass-statement}
+
+The \texttt{pass} statement is a placeholder that does nothing. It is
+useful when a block of code is syntactically required but no action
+needs to be performed yet.
+
+For example, in a loop where a condition has not yet been implemented,
+using \texttt{pass} ensures that the code remains valid while avoiding
+errors.
diff --git a/book/module1/functions.tex b/book/module1/functions.tex
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..07da182
--- /dev/null
+++ b/book/module1/functions.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,110 @@
+\section{Functions}\label{functions}
+
+Like a traditional mathematical functions, python functions can take an
+input, process it, and give an output. In python, the input variables
+are referred to as \emph{arguments}. Functions are blocks of code that
+is run every time it's called. This allows us to re-use code.
+
+Functions are defined by using the def keyword. Reminder: it is
+important to keep track of indentations as it signifies the end of the
+function when the indentation returns back to the same level.
+
+\subsection{Defining Functions}\label{defining-functions}
+
+\subsubsection{Simple function}\label{simple-function}
+
+A simple function with no input variable can be useful if you need to
+re-use code multiple times without having to re-write it.
+
+\begin{Shaded}
+\begin{Highlighting}[]
+    \KeywordTok{def}\NormalTok{ function\_name():}
+        \BuiltInTok{print}\NormalTok{(}\StringTok{"This is from a function"}\NormalTok{)}
+\end{Highlighting}
+\end{Shaded}
+
+\subsubsection{Defining a function with one
+input}\label{defining-a-function-with-one-input}
+
+We can pass variables through to the function to be processed as
+follows:
+
+\begin{Shaded}
+\begin{Highlighting}[]
+    \KeywordTok{def}\NormalTok{ function(x):}
+        \BuiltInTok{print}\NormalTok{(x }\OperatorTok{+} \StringTok{" is best"}\NormalTok{)}
+\end{Highlighting}
+\end{Shaded}
+
+Note input variables can be of any data type (integer, float, string,
+etc.). \#\#\# Returning values from a function If we want to calculate a
+value and pass it back to the script for further use, we can use the
+\texttt{return} keyword. Let's define a linear function that takes two
+inputs, \texttt{x} and \texttt{b}, computes the corresponding \texttt{y}
+value, and returns it so it can be used elsewhere in the code.
+
+\begin{Shaded}
+\begin{Highlighting}[]
+    \KeywordTok{def}\NormalTok{ function(x, b):}
+\NormalTok{        y }\OperatorTok{=} \DecValTok{3}\OperatorTok{*}\NormalTok{x}\OperatorTok{+}\NormalTok{b}
+        \ControlFlowTok{return}\NormalTok{ y}
+\end{Highlighting}
+\end{Shaded}
+
+For multiple output variables we can add \#\# Calling functions Now that
+we've covered defining functions we want to call the function in order
+to execute the block inside the function. To do this, we simply re-call
+the function name as follows.
+
+\begin{Shaded}
+\begin{Highlighting}[]
+\NormalTok{function(}\DecValTok{2}\NormalTok{,}\OperatorTok{{-}}\DecValTok{1}\NormalTok{)}
+\end{Highlighting}
+\end{Shaded}
+
+Note that when running this code, nothing happens. This is because we
+haven't told the computer what to do with the output. Hence, if we wish
+to store the output then we need to use the assign operator \texttt{=}.
+
+\begin{Shaded}
+\begin{Highlighting}[]
+\NormalTok{output }\OperatorTok{=}\NormalTok{ function(}\DecValTok{2}\NormalTok{,}\OperatorTok{{-}}\DecValTok{1}\NormalTok{)}
+
+\BuiltInTok{print}\NormalTok{(output)}
+\end{Highlighting}
+\end{Shaded}
+
+In case you want to return multiple output variable from a single
+function we will have\ldots{}
+
+\subsection{Summary}\label{summary}
+
+\begin{Shaded}
+\begin{Highlighting}[]
+\KeywordTok{def}\NormalTok{ function\_name(argument1, argument2, argument3)}
+\NormalTok{    output1 }\OperatorTok{=}\NormalTok{ argument1 }\OperatorTok{*}\NormalTok{ argument2 }\OperatorTok{{-}}\NormalTok{ argument3}
+\NormalTok{    output2 }\OperatorTok{=}\NormalTok{ argument2 }\OperatorTok{+}\NormalTok{ argument3}
+    \ControlFlowTok{return}\NormalTok{ output1, output2}
+
+\NormalTok{[solution1, solution2] }\OperatorTok{=}\NormalTok{ function\_name(}\DecValTok{1}\NormalTok{,}\DecValTok{2}\NormalTok{,}\DecValTok{3}\NormalTok{)}
+\end{Highlighting}
+\end{Shaded}
+
+\begin{itemize}
+\tightlist
+\item
+  \texttt{def} - defines a function. All the code that is indented
+  underneath is considered inside the function block.
+\item
+  \texttt{function\_name} - this is used to call the function block.
+\item
+  \texttt{argument1} (optional) - input variable. This is data that can
+  be pass to the function. It is possible to have multiple variables
+  separated by a comma. As well as can be omitted if the function should
+  just give you an output such as.
+\item
+  \texttt{return} (optional) - if you wish to return something to your
+  script, the return keyword is used. The keyword can be followed by an
+  output variable or a constant. For multiple output variables, separate
+  them by a comma.
+\end{itemize}
diff --git a/book/module1/fundamentals_of_programming.tex b/book/module1/fundamentals_of_programming.tex
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6a412d1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/book/module1/fundamentals_of_programming.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+\section{Fundamentals of programming}\label{fundamentals-of-programming}
+
+\subsection{Orientation of common
+interfaces}\label{orientation-of-common-interfaces}
+
+In this section we will cover the use and purpose of some common
+interfaces that you'll be using in this course.
+
+\subsubsection{Command window, terminal, console, command
+prompt.}\label{command-window-terminal-console-command-prompt.}
+
+This is a text based interface that allows the users to interact with
+the computer. It is used to execute commands, run scripts or programs.
+
+\subsubsection{Text Editor / Script}\label{text-editor-script}
+
+Your text editor is the program used to write a script which can be
+re-run every time you call it from the command window. This can be a
+built-in text editor such as Spyder and MATLAB provide or an external on
+such a notepad++.
+
+\begin{verbatim}
+  Globe analogy: Hardware, Kernel, shell, Application software.
+- Scripting
+\end{verbatim}
diff --git a/book/module1/installing_anaconda.tex b/book/module1/installing_anaconda.tex
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9b9bf1a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/book/module1/installing_anaconda.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,160 @@
+\section{Installing Anaconda}\label{installing-anaconda}
+
+This tutorial will cover the steps on how to install Anaconda.
+
+\emph{Note for Advanced users: For those who wish to have a lightweight
+installation, can install miniconda or miniForge, however for this
+course we will show you how to use Anaconda Navigator. If you've never
+used the programs before then using Anaconda is recommended.}
+
+\subsubsection{What is Anaconda?}\label{what-is-anaconda}
+
+Anaconda Distribution is a popular open-source Python distribution
+specifically designed for scientific computing, data science, machine
+learning, and artificial intelligence applications. It simplifies the
+set up and use of Python for data science, machine learning, and
+scientific computing. It comes with all the important tools you need,
+like NumPy, Pandas, and JupyterLab, so you don't have to install
+everything separately. The Conda package manager helps you install and
+update software without worrying about breaking other programs. It also
+lets you create separate environments, so different projects don't
+interfere with each other. Additionally, Anaconda includes programs like
+JupyterLab for interactive coding, and Spyer a MATLAB-like IDE.
+
+\begin{center}\rule{0.5\linewidth}{0.5pt}\end{center}
+
+\subsection{Instructions}\label{instructions}
+
+\begin{enumerate}
+\def\labelenumi{\arabic{enumi}.}
+\item
+  Find the latest version of Navigator from the official Anaconda
+  Inc.~website: \href{https://www.anaconda.com/download}{Download
+  Anaconda}
+\item
+  Press the \emph{Download Now} button.
+\item
+  Press the \emph{Skip registration} button below the submit button,
+  otherwise submit your email address to subscribe to the Anaconda email
+  list.
+\item
+  Under Anaconda Installers press \emph{Download} or find the
+  appropriate version for your operating system below.
+\end{enumerate}
+
+Proceed to next section for your respective operating system.
+
+\subsubsection{Windows}\label{windows}
+
+\begin{enumerate}
+\def\labelenumi{\arabic{enumi}.}
+\setcounter{enumi}{4}
+\tightlist
+\item
+  Once the download is complete, double click the executable (.exe) file
+  to start the installer. Proceed with the installation instructions.
+\end{enumerate}
+
+\begin{figure}
+\centering
+\includegraphics{figures/installingAnaconda_windows_installer_01_welcome.png}
+\caption{Welcome screen}
+\end{figure}
+
+\begin{figure}
+\centering
+\includegraphics{figures/installingAnaconda_windows_installer_02_terms.png}
+\caption{Terms and conditions}
+\end{figure}
+
+\begin{enumerate}
+\def\labelenumi{\arabic{enumi}.}
+\setcounter{enumi}{5}
+\tightlist
+\item
+  Select the \emph{Just Me} recommended option.
+\end{enumerate}
+
+\begin{figure}
+\centering
+\includegraphics{figures/installingAnaconda_windows_installer_03_for.png}
+\caption{Install for}
+\end{figure}
+
+\begin{enumerate}
+\def\labelenumi{\arabic{enumi}.}
+\setcounter{enumi}{6}
+\tightlist
+\item
+  You can leave the destination folder as is, just make sure you have a
+  minimum of \textasciitilde5 GB available storage space. Press
+  \emph{Next} to proceed.
+\end{enumerate}
+
+\begin{figure}
+\centering
+\includegraphics{figures/installingAnaconda_windows_installer_04_destination.png}
+\caption{Installation destination}
+\end{figure}
+
+\begin{enumerate}
+\def\labelenumi{\arabic{enumi}.}
+\setcounter{enumi}{7}
+\tightlist
+\item
+  It is recommended to register Anaconda3 as the default python version
+  if you already have an instance of python installed. Otherwise, you
+  can leave the checkboxes as defaults.
+\end{enumerate}
+
+\begin{figure}
+\centering
+\includegraphics{figures/installingAnaconda_windows_installer_05_advanced.png}
+\caption{Avanced Options}
+\end{figure}
+
+\begin{figure}
+\centering
+\includegraphics{figures/installingAnaconda_windows_installer_06_installing.png}
+\caption{Installing}
+\end{figure}
+
+\begin{figure}
+\centering
+\includegraphics{figures/installingAnaconda_windows_installer_07_installing2.png}
+\caption{Installing 2}
+\end{figure}
+
+\begin{figure}
+\centering
+\includegraphics{figures/installingAnaconda_windows_installer_08_installing_complete.png}
+\caption{Complete}
+\end{figure}
+
+\begin{figure}
+\centering
+\includegraphics{figures/installingAnaconda_windows_installer_09_cloud.png}
+\caption{Cloud}
+\end{figure}
+
+\begin{figure}
+\centering
+\includegraphics{figures/installingAnaconda_windows_installer_10_finish.png}
+\caption{Finish}
+\end{figure}
+
+\begin{enumerate}
+\def\labelenumi{\arabic{enumi}.}
+\setcounter{enumi}{8}
+\tightlist
+\item
+  You made it! Anaconda is now installed, you are ready for launch.
+  Assuming that you didn't add Anaconda to PATH environment variable you
+  will need to start navigator from the start menu.
+\end{enumerate}
+
+\subsubsection{Mac/Linux}\label{maclinux}
+
+Anaconda provides installation documentation for Mac and Linux users,
+please refer to the
+\href{https://docs.anaconda.com/anaconda/install/}{documentation page}.
diff --git a/book/module1/intro_to_anaconda.tex b/book/module1/intro_to_anaconda.tex
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5e58908
--- /dev/null
+++ b/book/module1/intro_to_anaconda.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,193 @@
+\section{Introduction to Anaconda
+Navigator}\label{introduction-to-anaconda-navigator}
+
+Anaconda Navigator is a program that we will be using in this course to
+manage Python environments, libraries and launch programs to help us
+write our python code.
+
+The Anaconda website nicely describes \emph{Navigator} as:
+
+a graphical user interface (GUI) that enables you to work with packages
+and environments without needing to type conda commands in a terminal
+window.Find the packages you want, install them in an environment, run
+the packages, and update them -- all inside Navigator.
+
+To better understand how Navigator works and interacts with the anaconda
+ecosystem see the figure below.
+\includegraphics{figures/AnacondaSchematic.png} As you schematic
+indicated, Navigator is a tool in the Anaconda toolbox that allows the
+user to select and configure python environments and libraries. Let's
+see how we can do this.
+
+\begin{center}\rule{0.5\linewidth}{0.5pt}\end{center}
+
+\subsection{Getting Started}\label{getting-started}
+
+Note to windows 10 users: Some installation instances do not allow users
+to search the start menu for \emph{Navigator}, instead, you'll have to
+find the program under the \emph{Anaconda (anaconda3)} folder. Expand
+the folder and click on \emph{Anaconda Navigator} to launch the program.
+
+\begin{figure}
+\centering
+\includegraphics{figures/installingAnaconda_windows_launched.png}
+\caption{Anaconda Navigator screen}
+\end{figure}
+
+Once Navigator starts, under \emph{Home}, you'll see tiles of programs
+that come with anaconda. The tab allows you to launch the programs we
+will be using in this course. Before jumping straight into the programs
+we will first need to configure our Python instance.
+
+The \emph{Environment} page allows us to install a variety of libraries
+and configure our environments for different project, more on this in
+the next section.
+
+\subsection{Environments}\label{environments}
+
+A Python environment can be thought of as a ``container'' where you can
+have all the tools, libraries, and dependencies your Python project
+needs without interfering with other projects. Think of it as a
+dedicated toolbox for your project.
+
+Although the base environment comes with many libraries and programs
+pre-installed, it's recommended to create a dedicated environment for
+your projects. This protects the base environment from breaking due to
+complex dependency conflicts. Let us go ahead and create a new
+environment for us to use Spyder with.
+
+\begin{enumerate}
+\def\labelenumi{\arabic{enumi}.}
+\tightlist
+\item
+  Click on the \emph{Environments} page located on the left hand side.
+\end{enumerate}
+
+\begin{figure}
+\centering
+\includegraphics{https://mintlify.s3.us-west-1.amazonaws.com/anaconda-29683c67/images/nav-env-labeled.png}
+\caption{Environment Page}
+\end{figure}
+
+\begin{enumerate}
+\def\labelenumi{\arabic{enumi}.}
+\setcounter{enumi}{1}
+\tightlist
+\item
+  At the bottom of the environments list, click \emph{Create}.
+\end{enumerate}
+
+\begin{figure}
+\centering
+\includegraphics{https://mintlify.s3.us-west-1.amazonaws.com/anaconda-29683c67/images/nav-getting-started-create.png}
+\caption{Create new environment}
+\end{figure}
+
+\begin{enumerate}
+\def\labelenumi{\arabic{enumi}.}
+\setcounter{enumi}{2}
+\item
+  Select the python checkbox.
+\item
+  Select versions of python. At the time of making this tutorial the
+  latest version of Python is 3.xx.x. We will go ahead and use that one.
+\item
+  Choose an appropriate name for your project. We will be creating an
+  environment for the Spyder IDE so we'll call it ``Spyder-env''.
+\item
+  Click \emph{Create}.
+\end{enumerate}
+
+For more information see
+\href{https://docs.anaconda.com/working-with-conda/environments/}{Anaconda
+Environments} and
+\href{https://docs.anaconda.com/navigator/tutorials/manage-environments/}{Managing
+environment}.
+
+\subsection{Package Management}\label{package-management}
+
+Now that we have a clean environment configured, let us install some
+library we will be using for this class.
+
+\begin{enumerate}
+\def\labelenumi{\arabic{enumi}.}
+\tightlist
+\item
+  Navigate to the environment page and select the environment we just
+  created in the previous section.
+\end{enumerate}
+
+\begin{figure}
+\centering
+\includegraphics{https://mintlify.s3.us-west-1.amazonaws.com/anaconda-29683c67/images/nav-pkg-list.png}
+\caption{Select environment to manage}
+\end{figure}
+
+\begin{enumerate}
+\def\labelenumi{\arabic{enumi}.}
+\setcounter{enumi}{1}
+\tightlist
+\item
+  Use the search bar in the top right corner to search for the following
+  packages:
+\end{enumerate}
+
+\begin{longtable}[]{@{}ll@{}}
+\toprule\noalign{}
+Library & Usage \\
+\midrule\noalign{}
+\endhead
+\bottomrule\noalign{}
+\endlastfoot
+numpy & Numerical computation \\
+scipy & Scientific and techical computing \\
+pandas & Data manipulation and analysis \\
+matplotlib & Plots and visualizations \\
+sympy & Symbolic mathematics \\
+\end{longtable}
+
+\emph{Note: The libraries list may change throughout the development of
+this course}
+
+\begin{enumerate}
+\def\labelenumi{\arabic{enumi}.}
+\setcounter{enumi}{2}
+\tightlist
+\item
+  Check the boxes to install the selected packages to the current
+  environment.
+\end{enumerate}
+
+\subsection{Installing Applications}\label{installing-applications}
+
+From the \emph{Home} page you can install applications, to the current
+environment we created in the Environment section above. In this section
+we will install Spyder IDE, but the process is exactly the same for
+other applications.
+
+\begin{enumerate}
+\def\labelenumi{\arabic{enumi}.}
+\item
+  Go to the \emph{Home} page.
+\item
+  Select the desired environment. In our case, we select
+  \emph{Spyder-env}.
+\item
+  From the Home page find the Spyder IDE tile. Click the \emph{Install}
+  button to start the download.
+\end{enumerate}
+
+\begin{figure}
+\centering
+\includegraphics{https://mintlify.s3.us-west-1.amazonaws.com/anaconda-29683c67/images/nav-tabs.png}
+\caption{Anaconda Home Page}
+\end{figure}
+
+\begin{enumerate}
+\def\labelenumi{\arabic{enumi}.}
+\setcounter{enumi}{3}
+\tightlist
+\item
+  Once the download is complete, press \emph{Launch} to start the
+  applications.
+\end{enumerate}
diff --git a/book/module1/intro_to_programming.tex b/book/module1/intro_to_programming.tex
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c73dcf4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/book/module1/intro_to_programming.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+\section{Introduction to Programming}\label{introduction-to-programming}
+
+\subsection{The Importance of Programming in
+Engineering}\label{the-importance-of-programming-in-engineering}
+
+Engineering is all about solving problems, designing innovative
+solutions, and making systems work efficiently. Whether you're designing
+cars, airplanes, rockets, or even everyday machines, programming plays a
+critical role in modern engineering.
+
+In mechanical engineering, programming helps us \textbf{analyze data,
+model complex systems, automate repetitive tasks, and simulate
+real-world physics.} For example, instead of spending hours solving
+equations by hand, engineers can write a program that does it in
+seconds. This saves time and therefore do more.
+
+With programming, mechanical engineers can:
+
+\begin{itemize}
+\tightlist
+\item
+  \textbf{Automate calculations:} Quickly solve equations for heat
+  transfer, fluid dynamics, and mechanical stresses.
+\item
+  \textbf{Simulate systems:} Model how a bridge bends under weight or
+  how an engine burns fuel efficiently.
+\item
+  \textbf{Analyze data:} Process thousands of test results to improve
+  designs.
+\item
+  \textbf{Control machines:} Program robots, 3D printers, and CNC's.
+\end{itemize}
+
+In this course, you'll see how computing and programming applies to
+mechanical engineering and how they can make you a better problem
+solver. By the end, you'll have the skills and understanding of how to
+write programs that help you \textbf{think like an engineer in the
+digital age.}
diff --git a/book/module1/module1.tex b/book/module1/module1.tex
index cecf097..5f4f16b 100644
--- a/book/module1/module1.tex
+++ b/book/module1/module1.tex
@@ -1,3 +1,14 @@
 \chapter{Module 1}
-\input{module1/basics_of_python}
 \input{module1/arrays}
+\input{module1/basics_of_python}
+\input{module1/classes_and_objects}
+\input{module1/computational_expense}
+\input{module1/computing_fundamentals}
+\input{module1/control_structures}
+\input{module1/functions}
+\input{module1/fundamentals_of_programming}
+\input{module1/installing_anaconda}
+\input{module1/intro_to_anaconda}
+\input{module1/intro_to_programming}
+\input{module1/open_source_software}
+\input{module1/spyder_getting_started}
diff --git a/book/module1/open_source_software.tex b/book/module1/open_source_software.tex
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..96de292
--- /dev/null
+++ b/book/module1/open_source_software.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,104 @@
+\section{Open Source Software}\label{open-source-software}
+
+Open-source software (OSS) is a type of software that allows users to
+access, modify, and distribute its source code freely. It is built on
+principles of collaboration, transparency, and community-driven
+development.
+
+You've probably heard of the saying ``Don't reinventing the wheel''.
+This
+
+\subsubsection{Key Principles of Open Source
+Software}\label{key-principles-of-open-source-software}
+
+\begin{itemize}
+\tightlist
+\item
+  \textbf{Free Distribution:} Anyone can download and use the software
+  without cost.
+\item
+  \textbf{Access to Source Code:} Users can view and modify the code to
+  suit their needs.
+\item
+  \textbf{Community Collaboration:} Developers from around the world
+  contribute to improvements and security fixes.
+\end{itemize}
+
+\subsubsection{Benefits of Open Source
+Software}\label{benefits-of-open-source-software}
+
+\begin{itemize}
+\tightlist
+\item
+  \textbf{Cost-effectiveness:} Open-source software is free to use,
+  making it accessible to individuals and organizations.
+\item
+  \textbf{Transparency and Security:} Open code allows for peer review,
+  reducing security vulnerabilities.
+\item
+  \textbf{Community Support:} Global developer communities provide
+  assistance, troubleshooting, and improvements.
+\item
+  \textbf{Customization and Flexibility:} Users can modify software to
+  fit their specific requirements.
+\end{itemize}
+
+\subsubsection{Challenges of Open Source
+Software}\label{challenges-of-open-source-software}
+
+\begin{itemize}
+\tightlist
+\item
+  \textbf{Usability Issues:} Some open-source software may have a
+  steeper learning curve.
+\item
+  \textbf{Compatibility Problems:} Integration with proprietary systems
+  may require additional effort.
+\item
+  \textbf{Support and Documentation:} The quality of documentation and
+  support varies.
+\item
+  \textbf{Sustainability:} Open-source projects often rely on
+  volunteers, which can lead to inconsistent updates.
+\end{itemize}
+
+\subsubsection{Popular Open Source
+Projects}\label{popular-open-source-projects}
+
+\begin{itemize}
+\tightlist
+\item
+  \textbf{Operating Systems:} Linux, Ubuntu
+\item
+  \textbf{Web Browsers:} Mozilla Firefox
+\item
+  \textbf{Programming Languages:} Python, JavaScript
+\item
+  \textbf{Office Suites:} LibreOffice
+\item
+  \textbf{Multimedia Tools:} Audacity, Blender
+\item
+  \textbf{Software Development:} Git, GitHub, Apache
+\end{itemize}
+
+\subsubsection{How to Contribute to Open
+Source}\label{how-to-contribute-to-open-source}
+
+\begin{itemize}
+\tightlist
+\item
+  \textbf{Finding Projects:} Platforms like GitHub, GitLab, and
+  SourceForge host many open-source projects.
+\item
+  \textbf{Understanding Licensing:} Common licenses include GPL, MIT,
+  and Apache.
+\item
+  \textbf{Ways to Contribute:} Developers can contribute code, test
+  software, write documentation, translate, or help with design.
+\item
+  \textbf{Best Practices for Contributions:} Using version control
+  (Git), writing clean code, and following community guidelines are
+  essential for successful collaboration.
+\end{itemize}
+
+\subsection{Licensing}\label{licensing}
diff --git a/book/module1/spyder_getting_started.tex b/book/module1/spyder_getting_started.tex
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d1e20fe
--- /dev/null
+++ b/book/module1/spyder_getting_started.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
+\section{Getting started with Spyder}\label{getting-started-with-spyder}
+
+In this tutorial we will cover the basics of using the Spyder IDE
+(Interactive Development Environment). If you've ever worked with MATLAB
+before, then this will feel familiar. Spyder is a program that allows
+you to write, run and de-bug code.
+
+\subsection{Launching Spyder}\label{launching-spyder}
+
+Using Anaconda we will select the environment we created earlier
+\emph{spyder-dev} and then we can launch spyder from the Home page.
+
+\subsection{Spyder Interface}\label{spyder-interface}
+
+\begin{figure}
+\centering
+\includegraphics{https://docs.spyder-ide.org/current/_images/mainwindow_default_1610.png}
+\caption{Spyder Interface}
+\end{figure}
+
+Once you open up Spyder in it's default configuration, you'll see three
+sections; the editor IPython Console, Help viewer. You can customize the
+interface to suit your prefference and needs some of which include,
+rearrange, undock, hide panes. Feel free to set up Spyder as you like.
+
+\subsubsection{Editor}\label{editor}
+
+This pane is used to write your scripts. The
+
+\begin{figure}
+\centering
+\includegraphics{https://docs.spyder-ide.org/5/_images/editor-components.png}
+\caption{Editor key components}
+\end{figure}
+
+\begin{enumerate}
+\def\labelenumi{\arabic{enumi}.}
+\tightlist
+\item
+  The left sidebar shows line numbers and displays any code analysis
+  warnings that exist in the current file. Clicking a line number
+  selects the text on that line, and clicking to the right of it sets a
+  \href{https://docs.spyder-ide.org/5/panes/debugging.html\#debugging-breakpoints}{breakpoint}.
+\item
+  The scrollbars allow vertical and horizontal navigation in a file.
+\item
+  The context (right-click) menu displays actions relevant to whatever
+  was clicked.
+\item
+  The options menu (``Hamburger'' icon at top right) includes useful
+  settings and actions relevant to the Editor.
+\item
+  The location bar at the top of the Editor pane shows the full path of
+  the current file.
+\item
+  The tab bar displays the names of all opened files. It also has a
+  Browse tabs button (at left) to show every open tab and switch between
+  them---which comes in handy if many are open.
+\end{enumerate}
+
+\subsubsection{IPython Console}\label{ipython-console}
+
+This pane allows you to interactively run functions, do math
+computations, assign and modify variables.
+
+\begin{figure}
+\centering
+\includegraphics{https://docs.spyder-ide.org/5/_images/console-standard.png}
+\caption{IPython Console}
+\end{figure}
+
+\begin{itemize}
+\tightlist
+\item
+  Automatic code completion
+\item
+  Real-time function calltips
+\item
+  Full GUI integration with the enhanced Spyder
+  \href{https://docs.spyder-ide.org/5/panes/debugging.html}{Debugger}.
+\item
+  The
+  \href{https://docs.spyder-ide.org/5/panes/variableexplorer.html}{Variable
+  Explorer}, with GUI-based editors for many built-in and third-party
+  Python objects.
+\item
+  Display of Matplotlib graphics in Spyder's
+  \href{https://docs.spyder-ide.org/5/panes/plots.html}{Plots} pane, if
+  the Inline backend is selected under Preferences ‣ IPython console ‣
+  Graphics ‣ Graphics backend, and inline in the console if Mute inline
+  plotting is unchecked under the Plots pane's options menu.
+\end{itemize}
+
+\subsubsection{Variable Explorer}\label{variable-explorer}
+
+This pane shows all the defined variables (objects) stored. This can be
+used to identify the data type of variables, the size and inspect larger
+arrays. Double clicking the value cell opens up a window which allowing
+you to inspect the data in a spreadsheet like view.
+
+\begin{figure}
+\centering
+\includegraphics{https://docs.spyder-ide.org/5/_images/variable-explorer-standard.png}
+\caption{Variable Explorer}
+\end{figure}