4 files changed, 843 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/book/module1/arrays.tex b/book/module1/arrays.tex
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a5486d9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/book/module1/arrays.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,411 @@
+    \hypertarget{matrixarrays}{%
+\section{matrixArrays}\label{matrixarrays}}
+
+In computer programming, an array is a structure for storing and
+retrieving data. We often talk about an array as if it were a grid in
+space, with each cell storing one element of the data. For instance, if
+each element of the data were a number, we might visualize a
+``one-dimensional'' array like a list:
+
+\begin{longtable}[]{@{}llll@{}}
+\toprule
+1 & 5 & 2 & 0 \\
+\midrule
+\endhead
+\bottomrule
+\end{longtable}
+
+A two-dimensional array would be like a table:
+
+\begin{longtable}[]{@{}llll@{}}
+\toprule
+1 & 5 & 2 & 0 \\
+\midrule
+\endhead
+8 & 3 & 6 & 1 \\
+1 & 7 & 2 & 9 \\
+\bottomrule
+\end{longtable}
+
+A three-dimensional array would be like a set of tables, perhaps stacked
+as though they were printed on separate pages. If we visualize the
+position of each element as a position in space. Then we can represent
+the value of the element as a property. In other words, if we were to
+analyze the stress concentration of an aluminum block, the property
+would be stress.
+
+\begin{itemize}
+\tightlist
+\item
+  From
+  \href{https://numpy.org/doc/2.2/user/absolute_beginners.html}{Numpy
+  documentation}
+
+\end{itemize}
+
+If the load on this block changes over time, then we may want to add a
+4th dimension i.e.~additional sets of 3-D arrays for each time
+increment. As you can see - the more dimensions we add, the more
+complicated of a problem we have to solve. It is possible to increase
+the number of dimensions to the n-th order. This course we will not be
+going beyond dimensional analysis.
+
+\begin{center}\rule{0.5\linewidth}{0.5pt}\end{center}
+
+\hypertarget{numpy---the-pythons-array-library}{%
+\section{Numpy - the python's array
+library}\label{numpy---the-pythons-array-library}}
+
+In this tutorial we will be introducing arrays and we will be using the
+numpy library. Arrays, lists, vectors, matrices, sets - You might've
+heard of them before, they all store data. In programming, an array is a
+variable that can hold more than one value at a time. We will be using
+the Numpy python library to create arrays. Since we already have
+installed Numpy previously, we can start using the package.
+
+Before importing our first package, let's as ourselves \emph{what is a
+package?} A package can be thought of as pre-written python code that we
+can re-use. This means the for every script that we write in python we
+need to tell it to use a certain package. We call this importing a
+package.
+
+\hypertarget{importing-numpy}{%
+\subsection{Importing Numpy}\label{importing-numpy}}
+
+When using packages in python, we need to let it know what package we
+will be using. This is called importing. To import numpy we need to
+declare it a the start of a script as follows:
+
+\begin{Shaded}
+\begin{Highlighting}[]
+\ImportTok{import}\NormalTok{ numpy }\ImportTok{as}\NormalTok{ np}
+\end{Highlighting}
+\end{Shaded}
+
+\begin{itemize}
+\tightlist
+\item
+  \texttt{import} - calls for a library to use, in our case it is Numpy.
+\item
+  \texttt{as} - gives the library an alias in your script. It's common
+  convention in Python programming to make the code shorter and more
+  readable. We will be using \emph{np} as it's a standard using in many
+  projects.
+\end{itemize}
+
+\begin{center}\rule{0.5\linewidth}{0.5pt}\end{center}
+
+\hypertarget{creating-arrays}{%
+\section{Creating arrays}\label{creating-arrays}}
+
+Now that we have imported the library we can create a one dimensional
+array or \emph{vector} with three elements.
+
+\begin{Shaded}
+\begin{Highlighting}[]
+\NormalTok{x }\OperatorTok{=}\NormalTok{ np.array([}\DecValTok{1}\NormalTok{,}\DecValTok{2}\NormalTok{,}\DecValTok{3}\NormalTok{])}
+\end{Highlighting}
+\end{Shaded}
+
+To create a \emph{matrix} we can nest the arrays to create a two
+dimensional array. This is done as follows.
+
+\begin{Shaded}
+\begin{Highlighting}[]
+\NormalTok{matrix }\OperatorTok{=}\NormalTok{ np.array([[}\DecValTok{1}\NormalTok{,}\DecValTok{2}\NormalTok{,}\DecValTok{3}\NormalTok{],}
+\NormalTok{                   [}\DecValTok{4}\NormalTok{,}\DecValTok{5}\NormalTok{,}\DecValTok{6}\NormalTok{],}
+\NormalTok{                   [}\DecValTok{7}\NormalTok{,}\DecValTok{8}\NormalTok{,}\DecValTok{9}\NormalTok{]])}
+\end{Highlighting}
+\end{Shaded}
+
+\emph{Note: for every array we nest, we get a new dimension in our data
+structure.}
+
+    \hypertarget{display-arrays}{%
+\section{Display arrays}\label{display-arrays}}
+
+Using command print("") Accessing particular elements of an array
+\ldots..
+
+    \hypertarget{practice-problem}{%
+\section{Practice Problem}\label{practice-problem}}
+
+Problem statement
+
+    \begin{tcolorbox}[breakable, size=fbox, boxrule=1pt, pad at break*=1mm,colback=cellbackground, colframe=cellborder]
+\prompt{In}{incolor}{1}{\boxspacing}
+\begin{Verbatim}[commandchars=\\\{\}]
+\PY{k+kn}{import} \PY{n+nn}{numpy} \PY{k}{as} \PY{n+nn}{np}
+
+\PY{n}{x} \PY{o}{=} \PY{n}{np}\PY{o}{.}\PY{n}{array}\PY{p}{(}\PY{p}{[}\PY{l+m+mi}{7}\PY{p}{,} \PY{l+m+mi}{10} \PY{p}{,}\PY{l+m+mi}{12}\PY{p}{]}\PY{p}{)}
+
+\PY{n+nb}{print}\PY{p}{(}\PY{n}{x}\PY{p}{)}
+
+\PY{n+nb}{print}\PY{p}{(}\PY{n}{x}\PY{p}{[}\PY{l+m+mi}{1}\PY{p}{]}\PY{p}{)}
+\end{Verbatim}
+\end{tcolorbox}
+
+    \begin{Verbatim}[commandchars=\\\{\}]
+[ 7 10 12]
+10
+    \end{Verbatim}
+
+    \hypertarget{numpy-array-creation-functions}{%
+\subsection{Numpy array creation
+functions}\label{numpy-array-creation-functions}}
+
+Numpy comes with some built-in function that we can use to create arrays
+quickly. Here are a couple of functions that are commonly used in
+python.
+
+\hypertarget{np.arange}{%
+\subsubsection{np.arange}\label{np.arange}}
+
+The \texttt{np.arange()} function returns an array with evenly spaced
+values within a specified range. It is similar to the built-in
+\texttt{range()} function in Python but returns a Numpy array instead of
+a list. The parameters for this function are the start value
+(inclusive), the stop value (exclusive), and the step size. If the step
+size is not provided, it defaults to 1.
+
+\begin{Shaded}
+\begin{Highlighting}[]
+\OperatorTok{\textgreater{}\textgreater{}\textgreater{}}\NormalTok{ np.arange(}\DecValTok{4}\NormalTok{)}
+\NormalTok{array([}\FloatTok{0.}\NormalTok{ , }\FloatTok{1.}\NormalTok{, }\FloatTok{2.}\NormalTok{, }\FloatTok{3.}\NormalTok{ ])}
+\end{Highlighting}
+\end{Shaded}
+
+In this example, \texttt{np.arange(4)} generates an array starting from
+0 and ending before 4, with a step size of 1.
+
+\hypertarget{np.linspace}{%
+\subsubsection{np.linspace}\label{np.linspace}}
+
+The \texttt{np.linspace()} function returns an array of evenly spaced
+values over a specified range. Unlike \texttt{np.arange()}, which uses a
+step size to define the spacing between elements, \texttt{np.linspace()}
+uses the number of values you want to generate and calculates the
+spacing automatically. It accepts three parameters: the start value, the
+stop value, and the number of samples.
+
+\begin{Shaded}
+\begin{Highlighting}[]
+\OperatorTok{\textgreater{}\textgreater{}\textgreater{}}\NormalTok{ np.linspace(}\FloatTok{1.}\NormalTok{, }\FloatTok{4.}\NormalTok{, }\DecValTok{6}\NormalTok{)}
+\NormalTok{array([}\FloatTok{1.}\NormalTok{ ,  }\FloatTok{1.6}\NormalTok{,  }\FloatTok{2.2}\NormalTok{,  }\FloatTok{2.8}\NormalTok{,  }\FloatTok{3.4}\NormalTok{,  }\FloatTok{4.}\NormalTok{ ])}
+\end{Highlighting}
+\end{Shaded}
+
+In this example, \texttt{np.linspace(1.,\ 4.,\ 6)} generates 6 evenly
+spaced values between 1. and 4., including both endpoints.
+
+Try this and see what happens:
+
+\begin{Shaded}
+\begin{Highlighting}[]
+\NormalTok{x }\OperatorTok{=}\NormalTok{ np.linspace(}\DecValTok{0}\NormalTok{,}\DecValTok{100}\NormalTok{,}\DecValTok{101}\NormalTok{)}
+\NormalTok{y }\OperatorTok{=}\NormalTok{ np.sin(x)}
+\end{Highlighting}
+\end{Shaded}
+
+\hypertarget{other-useful-functions}{%
+\subsubsection{Other useful functions}\label{other-useful-functions}}
+
+\begin{itemize}
+\tightlist
+\item
+  \texttt{np.zeros()}
+\item
+  \texttt{np.ones()}
+\item
+  \texttt{np.eye()}
+\end{itemize}
+
+    \hypertarget{practice-problem}{%
+\subsection{Practice problem}\label{practice-problem}}
+
+Problem statement below
+
+    \begin{tcolorbox}[breakable, size=fbox, boxrule=1pt, pad at break*=1mm,colback=cellbackground, colframe=cellborder]
+\prompt{In}{incolor}{2}{\boxspacing}
+\begin{Verbatim}[commandchars=\\\{\}]
+\PY{n}{y}\PY{o}{=}\PY{n}{np}\PY{o}{.}\PY{n}{linspace}\PY{p}{(}\PY{l+m+mi}{10}\PY{p}{,}\PY{l+m+mi}{20}\PY{p}{,}\PY{l+m+mi}{5}\PY{p}{)}
+\PY{n+nb}{print}\PY{p}{(}\PY{n}{y}\PY{p}{)}
+\end{Verbatim}
+\end{tcolorbox}
+
+    \begin{Verbatim}[commandchars=\\\{\}]
+[10.  12.5 15.  17.5 20. ]
+    \end{Verbatim}
+
+    \hypertarget{working-with-arrays}{%
+\subsection{Working with Arrays}\label{working-with-arrays}}
+
+Now that we have been introduced to some ways to create arrays using the
+Numpy functions let's start using them.
+
+\hypertarget{indexing}{%
+\subsubsection{Indexing}\label{indexing}}
+
+Indexing in Python allows you to access specific elements within an
+array based on their position. This means you can directly retrieve and
+manipulate individual items as needed.
+
+Python uses \textbf{zero-based indexing}, meaning the first element is
+at position \textbf{0} rather than \textbf{1}. This approach is common
+in many programming languages. For example, in a list with five
+elements, the first element is at index \texttt{0}, followed by elements
+at indices \texttt{1}, \texttt{2}, \texttt{3}, and \texttt{4}.
+
+Here's an example of data from a rocket test stand where thrust was
+recorded as a function of time.
+
+\begin{Shaded}
+\begin{Highlighting}[]
+\NormalTok{thrust\_lbf }\OperatorTok{=}\NormalTok{ np.array(}\FloatTok{0.603355}\NormalTok{, }\FloatTok{2.019083}\NormalTok{, }\FloatTok{2.808092}\NormalTok{, }\FloatTok{4.054973}\NormalTok{, }\FloatTok{1.136618}\NormalTok{, }\FloatTok{0.943668}\NormalTok{)}
+
+\OperatorTok{\textgreater{}\textgreater{}\textgreater{}}\NormalTok{ thrust\_lbs[}\DecValTok{3}\NormalTok{]}
+\end{Highlighting}
+\end{Shaded}
+
+Due to the nature of zero-based indexing. If we want to call the value
+\texttt{4.054973} that will be the 3rd index.
+
+\hypertarget{operations-on-arrays}{%
+\subsubsection{Operations on arrays}\label{operations-on-arrays}}
+
+\begin{itemize}
+\tightlist
+\item
+  Arithmetic operations (\texttt{+}, \texttt{-}, \texttt{*}, \texttt{/},
+  \texttt{**})
+\item
+  \texttt{np.add()}, \texttt{np.subtract()}, \texttt{np.multiply()},
+  \texttt{np.divide()}
+\item
+  \texttt{np.dot()} for dot product
+\item
+  \texttt{np.matmul()} for matrix multiplication
+\item
+  \texttt{np.linalg.inv()}, \texttt{np.linalg.det()} for linear algebra
+\end{itemize}
+
+\hypertarget{statistics}{%
+\paragraph{Statistics}\label{statistics}}
+
+\begin{itemize}
+\tightlist
+\item
+  \texttt{np.mean()}, \texttt{np.median()}, \texttt{np.std()},
+  \texttt{np.var()}
+\item
+  \texttt{np.min()}, \texttt{np.max()}, \texttt{np.argmin()},
+  \texttt{np.argmax()}
+\item
+  Summation along axes: \texttt{np.sum(arr,\ axis=0)}
+\end{itemize}
+
+\hypertarget{combining-arrays}{%
+\paragraph{Combining arrays}\label{combining-arrays}}
+
+\begin{itemize}
+\tightlist
+\item
+  Concatenation: \texttt{np.concatenate((arr1,\ arr2),\ axis=0)}
+\item
+  Stacking: \texttt{np.vstack()}, \texttt{np.hstack()}
+\item
+  Splitting: \texttt{np.split()}
+\end{itemize}
+
+    \hypertarget{exercise}{%
+\section{Exercise}\label{exercise}}
+
+Let's solve a statics problem given the following problem
+
+A simply supported bridge of length L=20L = 20L=20 m is subjected to
+three point loads:
+
+\begin{itemize}
+\tightlist
+\item
+  \(P1=1010 kN\) at \(x=5m\)
+\item
+  \(P2=15 kN\) at \(x=10m\)
+\item
+  \(P3=20 kN\) at \(x=15m\)
+\end{itemize}
+
+The bridge is supported by two reaction forces at points AAA (left
+support) and BBB (right support). We assume the bridge is in static
+equilibrium, meaning the sum of forces and sum of moments about any
+point must be zero.
+
+\hypertarget{equilibrium-equations}{%
+\paragraph{Equilibrium Equations:}\label{equilibrium-equations}}
+
+\begin{enumerate}
+\def\labelenumi{\arabic{enumi}.}
+\item
+  \textbf{Sum of Forces in the Vertical Direction}:
+
+  \(R_A + R_B - P_1 - P_2 - P_3 = 0\)
+\item
+  \textbf{Sum of Moments About Point A}:
+
+  \(5 P_1 + 10 P_2 + 15 P_3 - 20 R_B = 0\)
+\item
+  \textbf{Sum of Moments About Point B}:
+
+  \(20 R_A - 15 P_3 - 10 P_2 - 5 P_1 = 0\)
+\end{enumerate}
+
+\hypertarget{system-of-equations}{%
+\paragraph{System of Equations:}\label{system-of-equations}}
+
+\[
+\begin{cases}
+R_A + R_B - 10 - 15 - 20 = 0 \\
+5 \cdot 10 + 10 \cdot 15 + 15 \cdot 20 - 20 R_B = 0 \\
+20 R_A - 5 \cdot 10 - 10 \cdot 15 - 15 \cdot 20 = 0
+\end{cases}
+\]
+
+    \hypertarget{solution}{%
+\subsubsection{Solution}\label{solution}}
+
+    \begin{tcolorbox}[breakable, size=fbox, boxrule=1pt, pad at break*=1mm,colback=cellbackground, colframe=cellborder]
+\prompt{In}{incolor}{3}{\boxspacing}
+\begin{Verbatim}[commandchars=\\\{\}]
+\PY{k+kn}{import} \PY{n+nn}{numpy} \PY{k}{as} \PY{n+nn}{np}
+
+\PY{c+c1}{\PYZsh{} Define the coefficient matrix A}
+\PY{n}{A} \PY{o}{=} \PY{n}{np}\PY{o}{.}\PY{n}{array}\PY{p}{(}\PY{p}{[}
+    \PY{p}{[}\PY{l+m+mi}{1}\PY{p}{,} \PY{l+m+mi}{1}\PY{p}{]}\PY{p}{,}
+    \PY{p}{[}\PY{l+m+mi}{0}\PY{p}{,} \PY{o}{\PYZhy{}}\PY{l+m+mi}{20}\PY{p}{]}\PY{p}{,}
+    \PY{p}{[}\PY{l+m+mi}{20}\PY{p}{,} \PY{l+m+mi}{0}\PY{p}{]}
+\PY{p}{]}\PY{p}{)}
+
+\PY{c+c1}{\PYZsh{} Define the right\PYZhy{}hand side vector b}
+\PY{n}{b} \PY{o}{=} \PY{n}{np}\PY{o}{.}\PY{n}{array}\PY{p}{(}\PY{p}{[}
+    \PY{l+m+mi}{45}\PY{p}{,}
+    \PY{l+m+mi}{5}\PY{o}{*}\PY{l+m+mi}{10} \PY{o}{+} \PY{l+m+mi}{10}\PY{o}{*}\PY{l+m+mi}{15} \PY{o}{+} \PY{l+m+mi}{15}\PY{o}{*}\PY{l+m+mi}{20}\PY{p}{,}
+    \PY{l+m+mi}{5}\PY{o}{*}\PY{l+m+mi}{10} \PY{o}{+} \PY{l+m+mi}{10}\PY{o}{*}\PY{l+m+mi}{15} \PY{o}{+} \PY{l+m+mi}{15}\PY{o}{*}\PY{l+m+mi}{20}
+\PY{p}{]}\PY{p}{)}
+
+\PY{c+c1}{\PYZsh{} Solve the system of equations Ax = b}
+\PY{c+c1}{\PYZsh{} Using least squares to handle potential overdetermination}
+\PY{n}{x} \PY{o}{=} \PY{n}{np}\PY{o}{.}\PY{n}{linalg}\PY{o}{.}\PY{n}{lstsq}\PY{p}{(}\PY{n}{A}\PY{p}{,} \PY{n}{b}\PY{p}{,} \PY{n}{rcond}\PY{o}{=}\PY{k+kc}{None}\PY{p}{)}\PY{p}{[}\PY{l+m+mi}{0}\PY{p}{]}
+
+\PY{c+c1}{\PYZsh{} Display the results}
+\PY{n+nb}{print}\PY{p}{(}\PY{l+s+sa}{f}\PY{l+s+s2}{\PYZdq{}}\PY{l+s+s2}{Reaction force at A (R\PYZus{}A): }\PY{l+s+si}{\PYZob{}}\PY{n}{x}\PY{p}{[}\PY{l+m+mi}{0}\PY{p}{]}\PY{l+s+si}{:}\PY{l+s+s2}{.2f}\PY{l+s+si}{\PYZcb{}}\PY{l+s+s2}{ kN}\PY{l+s+s2}{\PYZdq{}}\PY{p}{)}
+\PY{n+nb}{print}\PY{p}{(}\PY{l+s+sa}{f}\PY{l+s+s2}{\PYZdq{}}\PY{l+s+s2}{Reaction force at B (R\PYZus{}B): }\PY{l+s+si}{\PYZob{}}\PY{n}{x}\PY{p}{[}\PY{l+m+mi}{1}\PY{p}{]}\PY{l+s+si}{:}\PY{l+s+s2}{.2f}\PY{l+s+si}{\PYZcb{}}\PY{l+s+s2}{ kN}\PY{l+s+s2}{\PYZdq{}}\PY{p}{)}
+\end{Verbatim}
+\end{tcolorbox}
+
+    \begin{Verbatim}[commandchars=\\\{\}]
+Reaction force at A (R\_A): 25.11 kN
+Reaction force at B (R\_B): -24.89 kN
+    \end{Verbatim}
+
+
+    % Add a bibliography block to the postdoc
diff --git a/book/module1/basics_of_python.tex b/book/module1/basics_of_python.tex
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..64883e7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/book/module1/basics_of_python.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,289 @@
+    \maketitle
+
+
+
+
+    \hypertarget{basics-of-python}{
+\section{Basics of Python}\label{basics-of-python}}
+
+This page contains important fundamental concepts used in Python such as
+syntax, operators, order or precedence and more.
+
+    \hypertarget{syntax}{%
+\subsection{Syntax}\label{syntax}}
+
+\hypertarget{indentations-and-blocks}{%
+\subsubsection{Indentations and blocks}\label{indentations-and-blocks}}
+
+In python \emph{indentations} or the space at the start of each line,
+signifies a block of code. This becomes important when we start working
+with function and loops. We will talk more about this in the controls
+structures tutorial.
+
+\hypertarget{comments}{%
+\subsubsection{Comments}\label{comments}}
+
+Comments can be added to your code using the hash operator (\#). Any
+text behind the comment operator till the end of the line will be
+rendered as a comment. If you have an entire block of text or code that
+needs to be commented out, the triple quotation marks (""") can be used.
+Once used all the code after it will be considered a comment until the
+comment is ended with the triple quotation marks.
+
+    \hypertarget{operators}{%
+\subsection{Operators}\label{operators}}
+
+In python, operators are special symbols or keywords that perform
+operations on values or variables. This section covers some of the most
+common operator that you will see in this course.
+
+\hypertarget{arithmetic-operators}{%
+\subsubsection{Arithmetic operators}\label{arithmetic-operators}}
+
+\begin{longtable}[]{@{}ll@{}}
+\toprule
+Operator & Name \\
+\midrule
+\endhead
++ & Addition \\
+- & Subtraction \\
+* & Multiplication \\
+/ & Division \\
+\% & Modulus \\
+** & Exponentiation \\
+// & Floor division \\
+\bottomrule
+\end{longtable}
+
+\hypertarget{comparison-operators}{%
+\subsubsection{Comparison operators}\label{comparison-operators}}
+
+Used in conditional statements such as \texttt{if} statements or
+\texttt{while} loops. Note that in the computer world a double equal
+sign (\texttt{==}) means \emph{is equal to}, where as the single equal
+sign assigns the variable or defines the variable to be something.
+
+\begin{longtable}[]{@{}ll@{}}
+\toprule
+Operator & Name \\
+\midrule
+\endhead
+== & Equal \\
+!= & Not equal \\
+\textgreater{} & Greater than \\
+\textless{} & Less than \\
+\textgreater= & Greater than or equal to \\
+\textless= & Less than or equal to \\
+\bottomrule
+\end{longtable}
+
+\hypertarget{logical-operators}{%
+\subsubsection{Logical operators}\label{logical-operators}}
+
+\begin{longtable}[]{@{}ll@{}}
+\toprule
+Operator & Descrription \\
+\midrule
+\endhead
+\texttt{and} & Returns True if both statemetns are true \\
+\texttt{or} & Returns True if one of the statements is true \\
+\texttt{not} & Reerse the result, returns False if the result is true \\
+\bottomrule
+\end{longtable}
+
+\hypertarget{identity-operators}{%
+\subsubsection{Identity operators}\label{identity-operators}}
+
+\begin{longtable}[]{@{}ll@{}}
+\toprule
+Operator & Description \\
+\midrule
+\endhead
+is & Returns True if both variables are the same object \\
+is not & Returns True if both variables are not the same object \\
+\bottomrule
+\end{longtable}
+
+    \hypertarget{order-of-operation}{%
+\subsection{Order of Operation}\label{order-of-operation}}
+
+Similarly to the order or precedence in mathematics, different computer
+languages have their own set of rules. Here is a comprehensive table of
+the order of operation that python follows.
+
+\begin{longtable}[]{@{}
+  >{\raggedright\arraybackslash}p{(\columnwidth - 2\tabcolsep) * \real{0.51}}
+  >{\raggedright\arraybackslash}p{(\columnwidth - 2\tabcolsep) * \real{0.49}}@{}}
+\toprule
+Operator & Description \\
+\midrule
+\endhead
+\texttt{()} & Parentheses \\
+\texttt{**} & Exponentiation \\
+\texttt{+x} \texttt{-x} \texttt{\textasciitilde{}x} & Unary plus, unary
+minus, and bitwise NOT \\
+\texttt{*} \texttt{/} \texttt{//} \texttt{\%} & Multiplication,
+Division, floor division, and modulus \\
+\texttt{+} \texttt{-} & Addition and subtraction \\
+\texttt{\textless{}\textless{}} \texttt{\textgreater{}\textgreater{}} &
+Bitwise left and right shifts \\
+\& & Bitwise AND \\
+\^{} & Bitwise XOR \\
+\textbar{} & Bitwise OR \\
+\texttt{==} \texttt{!=} \texttt{\textgreater{}} \texttt{\textgreater{}=}
+\texttt{\textless{}} \texttt{\textless{}=} \texttt{is} \texttt{is\ not}
+\texttt{in} \texttt{not\ in} & Comparision, identity and membership
+operators \\
+\texttt{not} & logical NOT \\
+\texttt{and} & AND \\
+\texttt{or} & OR \\
+\bottomrule
+\end{longtable}
+
+    \hypertarget{data-types}{%
+\subsection{Data types}\label{data-types}}
+
+Data types are different ways a computer stores data. Other data types
+use fewer bits than others allowing you to better utilize your computer
+memory. This is important for engineers because The most common data
+types that an engineer encounters in python are numeric types. -
+\texttt{int} - integer - \texttt{float} - a decimal number -
+\texttt{complex} - imaginary number
+
+The comprehensive table below show all built-in data types available in
+python.
+
+\begin{longtable}[]{@{}ll@{}}
+\toprule
+Category & Data Type \\
+\midrule
+\endhead
+Text & int, float, complex \\
+Sequance & list, tuple, range \\
+Mapping & dict \\
+Set & set, frozenset \\
+Boolean & bytes, bytearray, memoryview \\
+Binary & bytes, bytearray, memoryview \\
+None & NoneType \\
+\bottomrule
+\end{longtable}
+
+    \hypertarget{variables}{%
+\subsection{Variables}\label{variables}}
+
+A \textbf{variable} in Python is a name that stores a value, allowing
+you to use and manipulate data efficiently.
+
+\hypertarget{declaring-and-assigning-variables}{%
+\paragraph{Declaring and Assigning
+Variables}\label{declaring-and-assigning-variables}}
+
+It is common in low-level computer languages to declare the datatype if
+the variable. In python, the datatype is set whilst you assign it. We
+assign values to variables using a single \texttt{=}.
+
+```python
+
+    \begin{tcolorbox}[breakable, size=fbox, boxrule=1pt, pad at break*=1mm,colback=cellbackground, colframe=cellborder]
+\prompt{In}{incolor}{1}{\boxspacing}
+\begin{Verbatim}[commandchars=\\\{\}]
+\PY{n}{x} \PY{o}{=} \PY{l+m+mi}{33}          \PY{c+c1}{\PYZsh{} Integer}
+\PY{n}{y} \PY{o}{=} \PY{l+m+mf}{3.14}        \PY{c+c1}{\PYZsh{} Float}
+\PY{n}{name} \PY{o}{=} \PY{l+s+s2}{\PYZdq{}}\PY{l+s+s2}{Joe}\PY{l+s+s2}{\PYZdq{}}    \PY{c+c1}{\PYZsh{} String}
+\PY{n}{is\PYZus{}valid} \PY{o}{=} \PY{k+kc}{True} \PY{c+c1}{\PYZsh{} Boolean}
+
+\PY{n+nb}{print}\PY{p}{(}\PY{n}{x}\PY{o}{*}\PY{o}{*}\PY{l+m+mi}{2}\PY{o}{+}\PY{l+m+mi}{3}\PY{o}{*}\PY{n}{y}\PY{p}{)}
+\end{Verbatim}
+\end{tcolorbox}
+
+    \begin{Verbatim}[commandchars=\\\{\}]
+1098.42
+    \end{Verbatim}
+
+    Change the x and y values above, re-run the cell to see what happens.
+
+You can assign multiple variables at once:
+
+\begin{Shaded}
+\begin{Highlighting}[]
+\NormalTok{a, b, c }\OperatorTok{=} \DecValTok{1}\NormalTok{, }\DecValTok{2}\NormalTok{, }\DecValTok{3}
+\end{Highlighting}
+\end{Shaded}
+
+Similarly we can assign the same value to multiple variables:
+
+\begin{Shaded}
+\begin{Highlighting}[]
+\NormalTok{x }\OperatorTok{=}\NormalTok{ y }\OperatorTok{=}\NormalTok{ z }\OperatorTok{=} \DecValTok{100}
+\end{Highlighting}
+\end{Shaded}
+
+    \hypertarget{rules}{%
+\subparagraph{Rules}\label{rules}}
+
+\begin{itemize}
+\tightlist
+\item
+  Must start with a letter or \texttt{\_}
+\item
+  Cannot start with a number
+\item
+  Can only contain letters, numbers, and \texttt{\_}
+\item
+  Case-sensitive (\texttt{Name} and \texttt{name} are different)
+\end{itemize}
+
+\hypertarget{updating-variables}{%
+\paragraph{Updating Variables}\label{updating-variables}}
+
+You can change a variable's value at any time.
+
+\begin{Shaded}
+\begin{Highlighting}[]
+\NormalTok{x }\OperatorTok{=} \DecValTok{5}
+\NormalTok{x }\OperatorTok{=}\NormalTok{ x }\OperatorTok{+} \DecValTok{10}  \CommentTok{\# Now x is 15}
+\end{Highlighting}
+\end{Shaded}
+
+Or shorthand:
+
+\begin{Shaded}
+\begin{Highlighting}[]
+\NormalTok{x }\OperatorTok{+=} \DecValTok{10}  \CommentTok{\# Same as x = x + 10}
+\end{Highlighting}
+\end{Shaded}
+
+\hypertarget{variable-types-type-checking}{%
+\paragraph{Variable Types \& Type
+Checking}\label{variable-types-type-checking}}
+
+Use \texttt{type()} to check a variable's type.
+
+    \begin{tcolorbox}[breakable, size=fbox, boxrule=1pt, pad at break*=1mm,colback=cellbackground, colframe=cellborder]
+\prompt{In}{incolor}{2}{\boxspacing}
+\begin{Verbatim}[commandchars=\\\{\}]
+\PY{n}{x} \PY{o}{=} \PY{l+m+mi}{10}
+\PY{n+nb}{print}\PY{p}{(}\PY{l+s+sa}{f}\PY{l+s+s1}{\PYZsq{}}\PY{l+s+s1}{ Variable x is type: }\PY{l+s+si}{\PYZob{}}\PY{n+nb}{type}\PY{p}{(}\PY{n}{x}\PY{p}{)}\PY{l+s+si}{\PYZcb{}}\PY{l+s+s1}{\PYZsq{}}\PY{p}{)}
+
+\PY{n}{y} \PY{o}{=} \PY{l+s+s2}{\PYZdq{}}\PY{l+s+s2}{Hello}\PY{l+s+s2}{\PYZdq{}}
+\PY{n+nb}{print}\PY{p}{(}\PY{l+s+sa}{f}\PY{l+s+s1}{\PYZsq{}}\PY{l+s+s1}{ Variable y is type: }\PY{l+s+si}{\PYZob{}}\PY{n+nb}{type}\PY{p}{(}\PY{n}{y}\PY{p}{)}\PY{l+s+si}{\PYZcb{}}\PY{l+s+s1}{\PYZsq{}}\PY{p}{)}
+\end{Verbatim}
+\end{tcolorbox}
+
+    \begin{Verbatim}[commandchars=\\\{\}]
+ Variable x is type: <class 'int'>
+ Variable y is type: <class 'str'>
+    \end{Verbatim}
+
+    \hypertarget{exercise}{%
+\section{Exercise}\label{exercise}}
+
+    \begin{tcolorbox}[breakable, size=fbox, boxrule=1pt, pad at break*=1mm,colback=cellbackground, colframe=cellborder]
+\prompt{In}{incolor}{ }{\boxspacing}
+\begin{Verbatim}[commandchars=\\\{\}]
+
+\end{Verbatim}
+\end{tcolorbox}
+
+
+    % Add a bibliography block to the postdoc
diff --git a/book/module1/module1.aux b/book/module1/module1.aux
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4acdee2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/book/module1/module1.aux
@@ -0,0 +1,140 @@
+\relax 
+\providecommand\hyper@newdestlabel[2]{}
+\@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {chapter}{\numberline {2}Module 1}{5}{chapter.2}\protected@file@percent }
+\@writefile{lof}{\addvspace {10\p@ }}
+\@writefile{lot}{\addvspace {10\p@ }}
+\gdef \LT@ii {\LT@entry 
+    {1}{49.24928pt}\LT@entry 
+    {2}{79.04018pt}}
+\gdef \LT@iii {\LT@entry 
+    {1}{49.24928pt}\LT@entry 
+    {2}{123.12889pt}}
+\@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {section}{\numberline {2.1}Basics of Python}{7}{section.2.1}\protected@file@percent }
+\newlabel{basics-of-python}{{2.1}{7}{Basics of Python}{section.2.1}{}}
+\@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {2.1.1}Syntax}{7}{subsection.2.1.1}\protected@file@percent }
+\newlabel{syntax}{{2.1.1}{7}{Syntax}{subsection.2.1.1}{}}
+\@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsubsection}{\nonumberline Indentations and blocks}{7}{subsubsection*.10}\protected@file@percent }
+\newlabel{indentations-and-blocks}{{2.1.1}{7}{Indentations and blocks}{subsubsection*.10}{}}
+\@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsubsection}{\nonumberline Comments}{7}{subsubsection*.12}\protected@file@percent }
+\newlabel{comments}{{2.1.1}{7}{Comments}{subsubsection*.12}{}}
+\@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {2.1.2}Operators}{7}{subsection.2.1.2}\protected@file@percent }
+\newlabel{operators}{{2.1.2}{7}{Operators}{subsection.2.1.2}{}}
+\@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsubsection}{\nonumberline Arithmetic operators}{7}{subsubsection*.14}\protected@file@percent }
+\newlabel{arithmetic-operators}{{2.1.2}{7}{Arithmetic operators}{subsubsection*.14}{}}
+\@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsubsection}{\nonumberline Comparison operators}{7}{subsubsection*.16}\protected@file@percent }
+\newlabel{comparison-operators}{{2.1.2}{7}{Comparison operators}{subsubsection*.16}{}}
+\gdef \LT@iv {\LT@entry 
+    {1}{49.24928pt}\LT@entry 
+    {2}{247.13966pt}}
+\gdef \LT@v {\LT@entry 
+    {1}{49.24928pt}\LT@entry 
+    {2}{266.75583pt}}
+\gdef \LT@vi {\LT@entry 
+    {1}{230.89124pt}\LT@entry 
+    {1}{222.0767pt}}
+\@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsubsection}{\nonumberline Logical operators}{8}{subsubsection*.18}\protected@file@percent }
+\newlabel{logical-operators}{{2.1.2}{8}{Logical operators}{subsubsection*.18}{}}
+\@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsubsection}{\nonumberline Identity operators}{8}{subsubsection*.20}\protected@file@percent }
+\newlabel{identity-operators}{{2.1.2}{8}{Identity operators}{subsubsection*.20}{}}
+\@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {2.1.3}Order of Operation}{8}{subsection.2.1.3}\protected@file@percent }
+\newlabel{order-of-operation}{{2.1.3}{8}{Order of Operation}{subsection.2.1.3}{}}
+\@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {2.1.4}Data types}{8}{subsection.2.1.4}\protected@file@percent }
+\newlabel{data-types}{{2.1.4}{8}{Data types}{subsection.2.1.4}{}}
+\gdef \LT@vii {\LT@entry 
+    {2}{49.85371pt}\LT@entry 
+    {2}{148.51701pt}}
+\@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {2.1.5}Variables}{9}{subsection.2.1.5}\protected@file@percent }
+\newlabel{variables}{{2.1.5}{9}{Variables}{subsection.2.1.5}{}}
+\newlabel{declaring-and-assigning-variables}{{2.1.5}{9}{Declaring and Assigning Variables}{paragraph*.22}{}}
+\@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {paragraph}{\nonumberline Declaring and Assigning Variables}{9}{paragraph*.22}\protected@file@percent }
+\newlabel{rules}{{2.1.5}{9}{Rules}{subparagraph*.24}{}}
+\@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subparagraph}{\nonumberline Rules}{9}{subparagraph*.24}\protected@file@percent }
+\newlabel{updating-variables}{{2.1.5}{9}{Updating Variables}{paragraph*.26}{}}
+\@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {paragraph}{\nonumberline Updating Variables}{9}{paragraph*.26}\protected@file@percent }
+\gdef \LT@viii {\LT@entry 
+    {1}{11.44395pt}\LT@entry 
+    {1}{17.44395pt}\LT@entry 
+    {1}{17.44395pt}\LT@entry 
+    {1}{11.44395pt}}
+\gdef \LT@ix {\LT@entry 
+    {1}{11.44395pt}\LT@entry 
+    {1}{17.44395pt}\LT@entry 
+    {1}{17.44395pt}\LT@entry 
+    {1}{11.44395pt}}
+\newlabel{variable-types-type-checking}{{2.1.5}{10}{Variable Types \& Type Checking}{paragraph*.28}{}}
+\@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {paragraph}{\nonumberline Variable Types \& Type Checking}{10}{paragraph*.28}\protected@file@percent }
+\@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {section}{\numberline {2.2}Exercise}{10}{section.2.2}\protected@file@percent }
+\newlabel{exercise}{{2.2}{10}{Exercise}{section.2.2}{}}
+\@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {section}{\numberline {2.3}matrixArrays}{10}{section.2.3}\protected@file@percent }
+\newlabel{matrixarrays}{{2.3}{10}{matrixArrays}{section.2.3}{}}
+\@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {section}{\numberline {2.4}Numpy - the python's array library}{10}{section.2.4}\protected@file@percent }
+\newlabel{numpy---the-pythons-array-library}{{2.4}{10}{Numpy - the python's array library}{section.2.4}{}}
+\@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {2.4.1}Importing Numpy}{11}{subsection.2.4.1}\protected@file@percent }
+\newlabel{importing-numpy}{{2.4.1}{11}{Importing Numpy}{subsection.2.4.1}{}}
+\@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {section}{\numberline {2.5}Creating arrays}{11}{section.2.5}\protected@file@percent }
+\newlabel{creating-arrays}{{2.5}{11}{Creating arrays}{section.2.5}{}}
+\@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {section}{\numberline {2.6}Display arrays}{11}{section.2.6}\protected@file@percent }
+\newlabel{display-arrays}{{2.6}{11}{Display arrays}{section.2.6}{}}
+\@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {section}{\numberline {2.7}Practice Problem}{11}{section.2.7}\protected@file@percent }
+\newlabel{practice-problem}{{2.7}{11}{Practice Problem}{section.2.7}{}}
+\@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {2.7.1}Numpy array creation functions}{12}{subsection.2.7.1}\protected@file@percent }
+\newlabel{numpy-array-creation-functions}{{2.7.1}{12}{Numpy array creation functions}{subsection.2.7.1}{}}
+\@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsubsection}{\nonumberline np.arange}{12}{subsubsection*.30}\protected@file@percent }
+\newlabel{np.arange}{{2.7.1}{12}{np.arange}{subsubsection*.30}{}}
+\@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsubsection}{\nonumberline np.linspace}{12}{subsubsection*.32}\protected@file@percent }
+\newlabel{np.linspace}{{2.7.1}{12}{np.linspace}{subsubsection*.32}{}}
+\@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsubsection}{\nonumberline Other useful functions}{12}{subsubsection*.34}\protected@file@percent }
+\newlabel{other-useful-functions}{{2.7.1}{12}{Other useful functions}{subsubsection*.34}{}}
+\@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {2.7.2}Practice problem}{12}{subsection.2.7.2}\protected@file@percent }
+\newlabel{practice-problem}{{2.7.2}{12}{Practice problem}{subsection.2.7.2}{}}
+\@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsection}{\numberline {2.7.3}Working with Arrays}{13}{subsection.2.7.3}\protected@file@percent }
+\newlabel{working-with-arrays}{{2.7.3}{13}{Working with Arrays}{subsection.2.7.3}{}}
+\@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsubsection}{\nonumberline Indexing}{13}{subsubsection*.36}\protected@file@percent }
+\newlabel{indexing}{{2.7.3}{13}{Indexing}{subsubsection*.36}{}}
+\@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsubsection}{\nonumberline Operations on arrays}{13}{subsubsection*.38}\protected@file@percent }
+\newlabel{operations-on-arrays}{{2.7.3}{13}{Operations on arrays}{subsubsection*.38}{}}
+\newlabel{statistics}{{2.7.3}{13}{Statistics}{paragraph*.40}{}}
+\@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {paragraph}{\nonumberline Statistics}{13}{paragraph*.40}\protected@file@percent }
+\newlabel{combining-arrays}{{2.7.3}{13}{Combining arrays}{paragraph*.42}{}}
+\@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {paragraph}{\nonumberline Combining arrays}{13}{paragraph*.42}\protected@file@percent }
+\@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {section}{\numberline {2.8}Exercise}{13}{section.2.8}\protected@file@percent }
+\newlabel{exercise}{{2.8}{13}{Exercise}{section.2.8}{}}
+\newlabel{equilibrium-equations}{{2.8}{14}{Equilibrium Equations:}{paragraph*.44}{}}
+\@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {paragraph}{\nonumberline Equilibrium Equations:}{14}{paragraph*.44}\protected@file@percent }
+\newlabel{system-of-equations}{{2.8}{14}{System of Equations:}{paragraph*.46}{}}
+\@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {paragraph}{\nonumberline System of Equations:}{14}{paragraph*.46}\protected@file@percent }
+\@writefile{toc}{\contentsline {subsubsection}{\nonumberline Solution}{14}{subsubsection*.48}\protected@file@percent }
+\newlabel{solution}{{2.8}{14}{Solution}{subsubsection*.48}{}}
+\@setckpt{module1/module1}{
+\setcounter{page}{15}
+\setcounter{equation}{0}
+\setcounter{enumi}{3}
+\setcounter{enumii}{0}
+\setcounter{enumiii}{0}
+\setcounter{enumiv}{0}
+\setcounter{footnote}{0}
+\setcounter{mpfootnote}{0}
+\setcounter{part}{0}
+\setcounter{chapter}{2}
+\setcounter{section}{8}
+\setcounter{subsection}{0}
+\setcounter{subsubsection}{0}
+\setcounter{paragraph}{0}
+\setcounter{subparagraph}{0}
+\setcounter{figure}{0}
+\setcounter{table}{8}
+\setcounter{tcbbreakpart}{1}
+\setcounter{tcblayer}{0}
+\setcounter{tcolorbox@number}{6}
+\setcounter{caption@flags}{2}
+\setcounter{continuedfloat}{0}
+\setcounter{float@type}{8}
+\setcounter{parentequation}{0}
+\setcounter{FancyVerbLine}{2}
+\setcounter{section@level}{3}
+\setcounter{Item}{16}
+\setcounter{Hfootnote}{0}
+\setcounter{bookmark@seq@number}{0}
+\setcounter{LT@tables}{9}
+\setcounter{LT@chunks}{2}
+}
diff --git a/book/module1/module1.tex b/book/module1/module1.tex
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cecf097
--- /dev/null
+++ b/book/module1/module1.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+\chapter{Module 1}
+\input{module1/basics_of_python}
+\input{module1/arrays}