# Basics of Python

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This page contains important fundamental concepts used in Python such as syntax, operators, order or precedence and more.

## Syntax
In python *indentations* or the space at the start of each line, signifies a block of code. This becomes important when we start working with function and loops.

## Operators
### Arithmetic operators
| Operator | Name           |
| ---      | ---            |
| +        | Addition       |
| -        | Subtraction    |
| *        | Multiplication |
| /        | Division       |
| %        | Modulus        |
| **       | Exponentiation |
| //       | Floor division |


### Comparison operators
| Operator | Name                     |
| ---      | ---                      |
| ==       | Equal                    |
| !=       | Not equal                |
| >        | Greater than             |
| <        | Less than                |
| >=       | Greater than or equal to |
| <=       | Less than or equal to    |

### Logical operators
| Operator | Descrription                                           |
| ---      | ---                                                    |
| and      | Returns True if both statemetns are true               |
| or       | Returns True if one of the statements is true          |
| not      | Reerse the result, returns False if the result is true |

### Identity operators
| Operator | Description                                            |
| ---      | ---                                                    |
| is       | Returns True if both variables are the same object     |
| is not   | Returns True if both variables are not the same object |

## Order of Operation
| Operator | Description                                           |
| ---      | ---                                                   |
| ()       | Parentheses                                           |
| **       | Exponentiation                                        |
| * / // % | Multiplication, Division, floor division, and modulus |
| &        | AND                                                   |
| ^        | XOR                                                   |
| \|       | OR                                                    |
| ==       | Comparision, identity and membership operators        |
| not      | logical NOT                                           |
| and      | AND                                                   |
| or       | OR                                                    |

## Comments
Comments can be added to your code using the hash operator (#). Any text behind the comment operator till the end of the line will be rendered as a comment.

## Data types
Data types are different ways a computer stores data. Other data types use fewer bits than others allowing you to better utilize your computer memory. This is important for engineers because
The most common data types that an engineer encounters in python are numeric types.
- 'int' - integer
- 'float' - a decimal number
- 'complex' - imaginary number


The comprehensive table below show all built-in data types available in python.



| Category   | Data Type                    |
| ---------- | -------------------------    |
| Text       | int, float, complex          |
| Sequance   | list, tuple, range           |
| Mapping    | dict                         |
| Set        | set, frozenset               |
| Boolean    | bytes, bytearray, memoryview |
| Binary     | bytes, bytearray, memoryview |
| None       | NoneType                     |