Scripting: named signal vars, shared vars dict, control scripts, code templates

- Named variables in expressions: source channel IDs injected as Python
  identifiers alongside x[] (e.g. write `A0 * 2` instead of `x[0] * 2`)
- Shared `vars` dict on SignalProcessor accessible from all expressions,
  functions, and control scripts; persisted in .labdaq profiles
- Per-derived-channel `state` dict for persistent computation state in
  custom scripts
- Control widgets gain optional on_action_script (Python snippet with
  value, vars, channels, math in scope); syntax-checked in editor dialog
- Built-in derived kinds (derivative, rms, power, etc.) now show their
  Python implementation as read-only code previews; "Edit as Custom Script"
  converts to custom_script kind with template pre-filled

Co-Authored-By: Claude Sonnet 4.6 <noreply@anthropic.com>

5 files changed, 229 insertions, 17 deletions

diff --git a/ui/code_templates.py b/ui/code_templates.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0863e62
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ui/code_templates.py
@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+"""
+ui/code_templates.py
+
+Python code templates for built-in derived channel kinds.
+Shown as read-only previews in the UI; clicking "Edit as Custom Script"
+converts the channel to custom_script kind with the template pre-filled.
+
+Templates use the enhanced expression namespace:
+  x      — list of source values in order
+  <name> — each source's channel_id as a named variable
+  t      — elapsed time (seconds)
+  math   — Python math module
+  vars   — shared SignalProcessor._script_vars dict (read/write)
+  state  — per-channel persistent dict (survives between evaluations)
+  result — assign the computed value here (expression-style exec)
+"""
+
+BUILTIN_TEMPLATES: dict = {
+
+    "derivative": """\
+# dy/dt — backward finite difference
+prev_v = state.get("v", x[0])
+prev_t = state.get("t", t)
+state["v"] = x[0]
+state["t"] = t
+result = (x[0] - prev_v) / (t - prev_t) if t != prev_t else 0.0
+""",
+
+    "second_derivative": """\
+# d²y/dt² — two-pass finite difference
+prev_v   = state.get("v", x[0])
+prev_t   = state.get("t", t)
+prev_vel = state.get("vel", 0.0)
+
+cur_vel = (x[0] - prev_v) / (t - prev_t) if t != prev_t else 0.0
+result  = (cur_vel - prev_vel) / (t - prev_t) if t != prev_t else 0.0
+
+state["v"]   = x[0]
+state["t"]   = t
+state["vel"] = cur_vel
+""",
+
+    "rms": """\
+# Rolling RMS over a sliding window
+import math as _math
+buf = state.setdefault("buf", [])
+buf.append(x[0])
+window = 20          # adjust window size (samples) here
+if len(buf) > window:
+    buf.pop(0)
+result = _math.sqrt(sum(v * v for v in buf) / len(buf))
+""",
+
+    "power": """\
+# Electrical power  P = V × I
+# source 0 = voltage,  source 1 = current
+result = x[0] * x[1]
+""",
+
+    "difference": """\
+# Difference  A − B
+# source 0 = A,  source 1 = B
+result = x[0] - x[1]
+""",
+
+    "sum": """\
+# Sum of all sources
+result = sum(x)
+""",
+}
diff --git a/ui/control_editor.py b/ui/control_editor.py
index c582e6b..48de21d 100644
--- a/ui/control_editor.py
+++ b/ui/control_editor.py
@@ -18,8 +18,10 @@ from PyQt6.QtWidgets import (
     QLabel, QLineEdit, QComboBox, QDoubleSpinBox,
     QSpinBox, QPushButton, QGroupBox, QWidget,
     QStackedWidget, QFrame, QCheckBox, QSizePolicy,
+    QTextEdit, QScrollArea,
 )
 from PyQt6.QtCore import Qt
+from PyQt6.QtGui import QFont, QFontMetrics
 
 
 class _DynStack(QStackedWidget):
@@ -68,6 +70,8 @@ class ControlSpec:
     max_val:      float = 100.0
     step:         float = 1.0
     max_rpm:      int   = 3000
+    # Optional Python snippet executed on every value change
+    on_action_script: str = ""
 
     def to_dict(self) -> dict:
         return asdict(self)
@@ -177,8 +181,8 @@ class ControlEditorDialog(QDialog):
         self.result_spec: Optional[ControlSpec] = None
 
         self.setWindowTitle("Edit Control" if spec else "Add Control")
-        self.setMinimumSize(440, 460)
-        self.resize(460, 500)
+        self.setMinimumSize(440, 520)
+        self.resize(460, 580)
         self._build()
         self._load_spec()
 
@@ -244,6 +248,40 @@ class ControlEditorDialog(QDialog):
             self._stack.addWidget(panel)
         params_lay.addWidget(self._stack)
         root.addWidget(self._params_grp)
+
+        # ── On-action script ───────────────────────────────────────────
+        script_grp = QGroupBox("On Action Script  (optional)")
+        script_lay = QVBoxLayout(script_grp); script_lay.setContentsMargins(10, 12, 10, 10)
+
+        _help = QLabel(
+            "Runs every time this control changes value.\n"
+            "Available: value, channel_id, device_id, vars (shared dict), "
+            "channels (latest values by channel_id), math"
+        )
+        _help.setObjectName("traceSource"); _help.setWordWrap(True)
+        script_lay.addWidget(_help)
+
+        _mono = QFont("IBM Plex Mono, Consolas, Monospace")
+        _mono.setStyleHint(QFont.StyleHint.Monospace)
+        self._script_edit = QTextEdit()
+        self._script_edit.setFont(_mono)
+        self._script_edit.setTabStopDistance(QFontMetrics(_mono).horizontalAdvance(" ") * 4)
+        self._script_edit.setMinimumHeight(80); self._script_edit.setMaximumHeight(160)
+        self._script_edit.setPlaceholderText(
+            "# Example: zero a position offset when button is pressed\n"
+            "# vars['zero_pos'] = channels.get('encoder_0', 0)"
+        )
+        script_lay.addWidget(self._script_edit)
+
+        self._script_status = QLabel("")
+        self._script_status.setObjectName("traceSource")
+        check_btn = QPushButton("Check Syntax")
+        check_btn.clicked.connect(self._check_script)
+        btn_row = QHBoxLayout()
+        btn_row.addWidget(self._script_status, 1)
+        btn_row.addWidget(check_btn)
+        script_lay.addLayout(btn_row)
+        root.addWidget(script_grp)
         root.addStretch()
 
         # ── Buttons ────────────────────────────────────────────────────
@@ -258,6 +296,18 @@ class ControlEditorDialog(QDialog):
         btn_row.addWidget(cancel); btn_row.addWidget(ok)
         root.addLayout(btn_row)
 
+    def _check_script(self):
+        src = self._script_edit.toPlainText().strip()
+        if not src:
+            self._script_status.setText(""); return
+        try:
+            compile(src, "<script>", "exec")
+            self._script_status.setText("✓ OK")
+            self._script_status.setStyleSheet("color:#22c55e;")
+        except SyntaxError as e:
+            self._script_status.setText(f"⚠ {e}")
+            self._script_status.setStyleSheet("color:#ef4444;")
+
     def _load_spec(self):
         """Populate fields from self.spec."""
         # Type
@@ -287,6 +337,9 @@ class ControlEditorDialog(QDialog):
         for name, panel in self._param_panels.items():
             panel.load(self.spec)
 
+        # Script
+        self._script_edit.setPlainText(self.spec.on_action_script)
+
     def _on_type_changed(self, type_name: str):
         idx = list(_PARAM_PANELS.keys()).index(type_name)
         self._stack.setCurrentIndex(idx)
@@ -340,6 +393,7 @@ class ControlEditorDialog(QDialog):
             device_id=self._dev_cb.currentData() or "",
             channel_id=channel_id,
             active_low=self._active_low_chk.isChecked(),
+            on_action_script=self._script_edit.toPlainText().strip(),
         )
         # Save type-specific params
         panel = self._param_panels.get(ctype)
diff --git a/ui/control_panel.py b/ui/control_panel.py
index 7a3e416..6e78e89 100644
--- a/ui/control_panel.py
+++ b/ui/control_panel.py
@@ -20,6 +20,9 @@ an instance into ControlPanel.add_widget().
 from __future__ import annotations
 from typing import Optional
 
+import math as _math
+from typing import Any
+
 from PyQt6.QtWidgets import (
     QWidget, QVBoxLayout, QHBoxLayout, QLabel,
     QPushButton, QSlider, QDoubleSpinBox, QComboBox,
@@ -44,7 +47,9 @@ class ControlWidget(QFrame):
     def __init__(self, title: str, icon: str = "⚙",
                  device_id: str = "", channel_id: str = "",
                  registry: Optional[DeviceRegistry] = None,
-                 active_low: bool = False):
+                 active_low: bool = False,
+                 processor=None,
+                 on_action_script: str = ""):
         super().__init__()
         self.title      = title
         self.icon       = icon
@@ -52,9 +57,20 @@ class ControlWidget(QFrame):
         self.channel_id = channel_id
         self.registry   = registry
         self.active_low = active_low
+        self._processor = processor
+        self._on_action_fn = None
+        if on_action_script.strip():
+            self._compile_action(on_action_script)
         self.setObjectName("controlWidget")
         self._build_frame()
 
+    def _compile_action(self, script: str):
+        try:
+            code = compile(script, "<control_script>", "exec")
+            self._on_action_fn = code
+        except SyntaxError as e:
+            print(f"[Control '{self.title}'] script syntax error: {e}")
+
     def _logic_level(self, enabled: bool) -> float:
         """Map logical ON/OFF to electrical level, respecting active-low outputs."""
         if self.active_low:
@@ -112,6 +128,27 @@ class ControlWidget(QFrame):
                           f"check device type and channel ID")
         self.value_changed.emit(self.channel_id, value)
 
+        if self._on_action_fn is not None:
+            try:
+                sv: dict = {}
+                channels: dict = {}
+                if self._processor is not None:
+                    with self._processor._lock:
+                        sv = self._processor._script_vars
+                        channels = {ch_id: v
+                                    for (_, ch_id), (_, v) in self._processor._latest.items()}
+                ns: dict = {
+                    "value":      value,
+                    "channel_id": self.channel_id,
+                    "device_id":  self.device_id,
+                    "vars":       sv,
+                    "channels":   channels,
+                    "math":       _math,
+                }
+                exec(self._on_action_fn, ns)
+            except Exception as e:
+                print(f"[Control '{self.title}'] script error: {e}")
+
 
 # ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
 #  On/Off Switch
@@ -480,9 +517,10 @@ class ControlPanel(QWidget):
 
     controls_changed = pyqtSignal()   # emitted whenever widgets are added/edited/removed
 
-    def __init__(self, registry: DeviceRegistry):
+    def __init__(self, registry: DeviceRegistry, processor=None):
         super().__init__()
-        self.registry = registry
+        self.registry  = registry
+        self.processor = processor
         self._widgets:  list[ControlWidget] = []
         self._specs:    list = []   # parallel list of ControlSpec
         self._build()
@@ -560,7 +598,7 @@ class ControlPanel(QWidget):
     def _add_widget_from_spec(self, spec):
         """Instantiate a ControlWidget from a ControlSpec and add to panel."""
         from ui.control_editor import ControlSpec as CS
-        widget = _build_widget_from_spec(spec, self.registry)
+        widget = _build_widget_from_spec(spec, self.registry, self.processor)
         if widget is None:
             return
         wrapper = self._make_wrapper(widget, spec)
@@ -641,7 +679,7 @@ class ControlPanel(QWidget):
         self._widgets.pop(idx); self._specs.pop(idx)
 
         # Insert new one at same position
-        new_widget = _build_widget_from_spec(new_spec, self.registry)
+        new_widget = _build_widget_from_spec(new_spec, self.registry, self.processor)
         if new_widget is None:
             return
         new_wrapper = self._make_wrapper(new_widget, new_spec)
@@ -674,7 +712,8 @@ class ControlPanel(QWidget):
 
 # ── Factory — build a ControlWidget from a ControlSpec ─────────────────────────
 
-def _build_widget_from_spec(spec, registry: DeviceRegistry) -> Optional[ControlWidget]:
+def _build_widget_from_spec(spec, registry: DeviceRegistry,
+                            processor=None) -> Optional[ControlWidget]:
     """Instantiate the right ControlWidget subclass from a ControlSpec."""
     # Base kwargs — icon is NOT included here; it's passed explicitly below
     # so subclasses never get a double-value collision.
@@ -683,6 +722,8 @@ def _build_widget_from_spec(spec, registry: DeviceRegistry) -> Optional[ControlW
         channel_id=spec.channel_id,
         registry=registry,
         active_low=getattr(spec, "active_low", False),
+        processor=processor,
+        on_action_script=getattr(spec, "on_action_script", ""),
     )
     t   = spec.control_type
     ttl = spec.title
diff --git a/ui/main_window.py b/ui/main_window.py
index ebc7463..d0e0ac4 100644
--- a/ui/main_window.py
+++ b/ui/main_window.py
@@ -178,7 +178,7 @@ class MainWindow(QMainWindow):
 
         hsplit = QSplitter(Qt.Orientation.Horizontal); hsplit.setHandleWidth(3)
 
-        self._ctrl = ControlPanel(self.registry)
+        self._ctrl = ControlPanel(self.registry, processor=self.processor)
         self._ctrl.setMinimumWidth(200); self._ctrl.setMaximumWidth(340)
         self._ctrl._add_demo_widgets()
         hsplit.addWidget(self._ctrl)
diff --git a/ui/windows/channels_window.py b/ui/windows/channels_window.py
index f0ea34e..ecc7cbc 100644
--- a/ui/windows/channels_window.py
+++ b/ui/windows/channels_window.py
@@ -606,9 +606,21 @@ _KIND_HELP = {
     "rms":          "Rolling RMS from 1 source  (set window below)",
     "difference":   "source[0] − source[1]  from 2 sources",
     "sum":          "Σ all source values",
-    "expression":   "x = list of source values,  t = elapsed time (s)\nExample:  x[0] * 3.14159 / 180",
-    "function":     "def compute(x, t):\n    # x = source values list\n    return x[0] * 2.0",
-    "custom_script":"Full Python.  Must define:  def compute(x, t): ...",
+    "expression":   (
+        "Single-line Python expression.\n"
+        "Available: x[0]…  or use signal names directly (e.g. A0, encoder_0)\n"
+        "          t = elapsed time (s),  math,  vars,  state\n"
+        "Example:  A0 * 3.14159 / 180"
+    ),
+    "function":     (
+        "Multi-line function body — auto-wrapped as def compute(x, t):\n"
+        "Available globals: x, signal names, t, math, vars, state\n"
+        "Example:\n    offset = vars.get('zero', 0)\n    return x[0] - offset"
+    ),
+    "custom_script": (
+        "Full Python.  Must define:  def compute(x, t): ...\n"
+        "Available globals: x, signal names, t, math, vars, state"
+    ),
 }
 
 
@@ -728,17 +740,28 @@ class DerivedBlock(QFrame):
         wrt_lay.addWidget(self._wrt_x_row)
         bl.addWidget(self._wrt_grp)
 
-        # Code editor
+        # Code editor (shown for all kinds — read-only for built-ins)
         self._code_grp = QGroupBox("Code")
         code_lay = QVBoxLayout(self._code_grp); code_lay.setContentsMargins(6, 4, 6, 4)
+        _mono = QFont("IBM Plex Mono, Consolas, Monospace"); _mono.setStyleHint(QFont.StyleHint.Monospace)
         self._code = QTextEdit(); self._code.setObjectName("codeEditor")
         self._code.setMinimumHeight(90); self._code.setMaximumHeight(180)
-        _mono = QFont("IBM Plex Mono, Consolas, Monospace"); _mono.setStyleHint(QFont.StyleHint.Monospace)
         self._code.setFont(_mono)
         self._code.setTabStopDistance(QFontMetrics(_mono).horizontalAdvance(" ") * 4)
-        txt = self.dc.expression if self.dc.kind == "expression" else self.dc.script
+        if self.dc.kind in _BUILTIN:
+            from ui.code_templates import BUILTIN_TEMPLATES
+            txt = BUILTIN_TEMPLATES.get(self.dc.kind, "")
+        elif self.dc.kind == "expression":
+            txt = self.dc.expression
+        else:
+            txt = self.dc.script
         self._code.setPlainText(txt)
         code_lay.addWidget(self._code)
+        # "Edit as Custom Script" button — only visible for built-in kinds
+        self._edit_as_script_btn = QPushButton("✎  Edit as Custom Script")
+        self._edit_as_script_btn.setObjectName("addTraceBtn")
+        self._edit_as_script_btn.clicked.connect(self._convert_to_custom_script)
+        code_lay.addWidget(self._edit_as_script_btn)
         bl.addWidget(self._code_grp)
 
         # Status + apply
@@ -783,19 +806,43 @@ class DerivedBlock(QFrame):
             if it.widget(): it.widget().deleteLater()
 
     def _on_kind(self, idx: int):
+        from ui.code_templates import BUILTIN_TEMPLATES
         k = _ALL_KINDS[idx]
         self.dc.kind = k
         self._help.setText(_KIND_HELP.get(k, ""))
         if k in ("derivative", "second_derivative") and not self._src_combos:
             self._add_src()
+        if k in _BUILTIN:
+            # Show the template as a read-only preview
+            self._code.setPlainText(BUILTIN_TEMPLATES.get(k, ""))
         self._update_visibility()
 
     def _on_wrt_changed(self, idx: int):
         self._wrt_x_row.setVisible(idx == 1)
 
+    def _convert_to_custom_script(self):
+        """Switch kind to custom_script, pre-fill with built-in template, make editable."""
+        from ui.code_templates import BUILTIN_TEMPLATES
+        template = BUILTIN_TEMPLATES.get(self.dc.kind, "")
+        # Switch kind combo to custom_script
+        idx = _ALL_KINDS.index("custom_script")
+        self._kind_cb.blockSignals(True)
+        self._kind_cb.setCurrentIndex(idx)
+        self._kind_cb.blockSignals(False)
+        self.dc.kind = "custom_script"
+        self._help.setText(_KIND_HELP.get("custom_script", ""))
+        self.dc.script = template
+        self._code.setPlainText(template)
+        self._update_visibility()
+
     def _update_visibility(self):
-        is_deriv = self.dc.kind in ("derivative", "second_derivative")
-        self._code_grp.setVisible(self.dc.kind in _SCRIPT)
+        is_deriv   = self.dc.kind in ("derivative", "second_derivative")
+        is_builtin = self.dc.kind in _BUILTIN
+        is_script  = self.dc.kind in _SCRIPT
+        # Code group shown for all kinds; read-only for built-ins
+        self._code_grp.setVisible(True)
+        self._code.setReadOnly(is_builtin)
+        self._edit_as_script_btn.setVisible(is_builtin)
         self._win_widget.setVisible(self.dc.kind == "rms")
         self._wrt_grp.setVisible(is_deriv)
         self._add_src_btn.setVisible(not is_deriv)