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diff --git a/tutorials/module_1/notebook_1/control_structures.ipynb b/tutorials/module_1/notebook_1/control_structures.ipynb deleted file mode 100644 index 38292e3..0000000 --- a/tutorials/module_1/notebook_1/control_structures.ipynb +++ /dev/null @@ -1,212 +0,0 @@ -{ - "cells": [ - { - "cell_type": "markdown", - "id": "c827399d-4be0-41c5-81e2-13ada0b02e97", - "metadata": {}, - "source": [ - "# Control Structures\n", - "\n", - "Control structures allow us to control the flow of execution in a Python\n", - "program. The two main types are **conditional statements (`if`\n", - "statements)** and **loops (`for` and `while` loops)**.\n", - "\n", - "## Conditional Statements\n", - "\n", - "Conditional statements allow a program to execute different blocks of\n", - "code depending on whether a given condition is `True` or `False`. These\n", - "conditions are typically comparisons, such as checking if one number is\n", - "greater than another.\n", - "\n", - "### The `if` Statement\n", - "\n", - "The simplest form of a conditional statement is the `if` statement. If\n", - "the condition evaluates to `True`, the indented block of code runs.\n", - "Otherwise, the program moves on without executing the statement.\n", - "\n", - "For example, consider a situation where we need to determine if a person\n", - "is an adult based on their age. If the age is 18 or greater, we print a\n", - "message saying they are an adult.\n", - "\n", - "### The `if-else` Statement\n", - "\n", - "Sometimes, we need to specify what should happen if the condition is\n", - "`False`. The `else` clause allows us to handle this case. Instead of\n", - "just skipping over the block, the program can execute an alternative\n", - "action.\n", - "\n", - "For instance, if a person is younger than 18, they are considered a\n", - "minor. If the condition of being an adult is not met, the program will\n", - "print a message indicating that the person is a minor.\n", - "\n", - "### The `if-elif-else` Statement\n", - "\n", - "When dealing with multiple conditions, the `if-elif-else` structure is\n", - "useful. The program evaluates conditions in order, executing the first\n", - "one that is `True`. If none of the conditions are met, the `else` block\n", - "runs.\n", - "\n", - "For example, in a grading system, different score ranges correspond to\n", - "different letter grades. If a student’s score is 90 or higher, they\n", - "receive an “A”. If it’s between 80 and 89, they get a “B”, and so on. If\n", - "none of the conditions match, they receive an “F”.\n", - "\n", - "### Nested `if` Statements\n", - "\n", - "Sometimes, we need to check conditions within other conditions. This is\n", - "known as **nesting**. For example, if we first determine that a person\n", - "is an adult, we can then check if they are a student. Based on that\n", - "information, we print different messages.\n", - "\n", - "``` python\n", - "# Getting user input for the student's score\n", - "score = int(input(\"Enter the student's score (0-100): \"))\n", - "\n", - "if 0 <= score <= 100:\n", - " if score >= 90:\n", - " grade = \"A\"\n", - " elif score >= 80:\n", - " grade = \"B\"\n", - " elif score >= 70:\n", - " grade = \"C\"\n", - " elif score >= 60:\n", - " grade = \"D\"\n", - " else:\n", - " grade = \"F\" # Score below 60 is a failing grade\n", - "\n", - "\n", - " if grade == \"F\":\n", - " print(\"The student has failed.\")\n", - " retake_eligible = input(\"Is the student eligible for a retest? (yes/no): \").strip().lower()\n", - " \n", - " if retake_eligible == \"yes\":\n", - " print(\"The student is eligible for a retest.\")\n", - " else:\n", - " print(\"The student has failed the course and must retake it next semester.\")\n", - "\n", - " \n", - "```\n", - "\n", - "## Loops in Python\n", - "\n", - "Loops allow a program to execute a block of code multiple times. This is\n", - "especially useful for tasks such as processing lists of data, performing\n", - "repetitive calculations, or automating tasks.\n", - "\n", - "### The `for` Loop\n", - "\n", - "A `for` loop iterates over a sequence, such as a list, tuple, string, or\n", - "a range of numbers. Each iteration assigns the next value in the\n", - "sequence to a loop variable, which can then be used inside the loop.\n", - "\n", - "For instance, if we have a list of fruits and want to print each fruit’s\n", - "name, a `for` loop can iterate over the list and display each item.\n", - "\n", - "Another useful feature of `for` loops is the `range()` function, which\n", - "generates a sequence of numbers. This is commonly used when we need to\n", - "repeat an action a specific number of times. For example, iterating from\n", - "0 to 4 allows us to print a message five times.\n", - "\n", - "Additionally, the `enumerate()` function can be used to loop through a\n", - "list while keeping track of the index of each item. This is useful when\n", - "both the position and the value in a sequence are needed.\n", - "\n", - "``` python\n", - "fruits = [\"apple\", \"banana\", \"cherry\"] \n", - "for x in fruits: \n", - " print(x)\n", - "```\n", - "\n", - "``` python\n", - "for x in range(6): \n", - " print(x) \n", - "else: \n", - " print(\"Finally finished!\")\n", - "```\n", - "\n", - "### The `while` Loop\n", - "\n", - "Unlike `for` loops, which iterate over a sequence, `while` loops\n", - "continue running as long as a specified condition remains `True`. This\n", - "is useful when the number of iterations is not known in advance.\n", - "\n", - "For example, a countdown timer can be implemented using a `while` loop.\n", - "The loop will continue decreasing the count until it reaches zero.\n", - "\n", - "It’s important to be careful with `while` loops to avoid infinite loops,\n", - "which occur when the condition never becomes `False`. To prevent this,\n", - "ensure that the condition will eventually change during the execution of\n", - "the loop.\n", - "\n", - "A `while` loop can also be used to wait for a certain event to occur.\n", - "For example, in interactive programs, a `while True` loop can keep\n", - "running until the user provides a valid input, at which point we break\n", - "out of the loop.\n", - "\n", - "``` python\n", - "i = 1 \n", - "while i < 6: \n", - " print(i) \n", - " i += 1\n", - "```\n", - "\n", - "## Loop Control Statements\n", - "\n", - "Python provides special statements to control the behavior of loops.\n", - "These can be used to break out of a loop, skip certain iterations, or\n", - "simply include a placeholder for future code.\n", - "\n", - "### The `break` Statement\n", - "\n", - "The `break` statement is used to exit a loop before it has iterated\n", - "through all its elements. When the `break` statement is encountered, the\n", - "loop stops immediately, and the program continues executing the next\n", - "statement outside the loop.\n", - "\n", - "For instance, if we are searching for a specific value in a list, we can\n", - "use a `break` statement to stop the loop as soon as we find the item,\n", - "instead of continuing unnecessary iterations.\n", - "\n", - "### The `continue` Statement\n", - "\n", - "The `continue` statement is used to skip the current iteration and\n", - "proceed to the next one. Instead of exiting the loop entirely, it simply\n", - "moves on to the next cycle.\n", - "\n", - "For example, if we are iterating over numbers and want to skip\n", - "processing number 2, we can use `continue`. The loop will ignore that\n", - "iteration and proceed with the next number.\n", - "\n", - "### The `pass` Statement\n", - "\n", - "The `pass` statement is a placeholder that does nothing. It is useful\n", - "when a block of code is syntactically required but no action needs to be\n", - "performed yet.\n", - "\n", - "For example, in a loop where a condition has not yet been implemented,\n", - "using `pass` ensures that the code remains valid while avoiding errors." - ] - } - ], - "metadata": { - "kernelspec": { - "display_name": "Python 3 (ipykernel)", - "language": "python", - "name": "python3" - }, - "language_info": { - "codemirror_mode": { - "name": "ipython", - "version": 3 - }, - "file_extension": ".py", - "mimetype": "text/x-python", - "name": "python", - "nbconvert_exporter": "python", - "pygments_lexer": "ipython3", - "version": "3.13.2" - } - }, - "nbformat": 4, - "nbformat_minor": 5 -} |
