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"# Modular Programming\n",
"\n",
"## 1. Introduction\n",
"\n",
"- A. What is Object-Oriented Programming?\n",
"- B. Why use OOP? (vs. procedural)\n",
"- C. Real-world analogies (e.g., modeling components like pumps,\n",
" motors, or vehicles)\n",
"\n",
"## 2. Core OOP Concepts\n",
"\n",
"- A. **Classes and Objects**\n",
" - Definitions\n",
" - Syntax in Python\n",
"- B. **Attributes and Methods**\n",
" - Instance variables\n",
" - Functions inside classes\n",
"- C. **Encapsulation**\n",
" - Public vs private variables\n",
" - Using `__init__` and `self`\n",
"- D. **Inheritance**\n",
" - Parent and child classes\n",
" - Reuse and extension of code\n",
"- E. **Polymorphism** *(brief overview)*\n",
" - Method overriding\n",
" - Flexibility in interfaces\n",
"\n",
"## 3. Python OOP Syntax and Examples\n",
"\n",
"- A. Define a simple class (e.g., `Spring`)\n",
"- B. Instantiate objects and use methods\n",
"- C. Show `__init__`, `__str__`, custom methods\n",
"- D. Add a derived class (e.g., `DampedSpring` inherits from `Spring`)\n",
"\n",
"## 4. Engineering Applications of OOP\n",
"\n",
"- A. Modeling a mechanical system using classes\n",
" - Example: Mass-Spring-Damper system\n",
"- B. Creating reusable components (e.g., `Material`, `Beam`, `Force`)\n",
"- C. Organizing simulation code with OOP\n",
"\n",
"## 5. Hands-On Coding Activity\n",
"\n",
"- A. Write a class for a basic physical component (e.g., `Motor`)\n",
"- B. Add behavior (e.g., `calculate_torque`)\n",
"- C. Extend with inheritance (e.g., `ServoMotor`)\n",
"- D. Bonus: Integrate two objects to simulate interaction"
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